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60 pages 2 hours read

John Steinbeck

Cannery Row

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1945

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Chapters 27-32Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 27 Summary

This chapter focuses on the plans for Doc’s second party. Mack and his friends discuss where to hold it and decide on the laboratory. The entire Cannery Row community hears rumors about the party and begins gathering gifts for Doc. The women at Bear Flag sew a quilt for him, Lee gets firecrackers and Chinese lily bulbs, and Sam boxes up classic car parts he collected. Mack and his friends trap tom cats for Doc. Gay gets out of the Salinas jail in time for the event, Henri creates a pincushion art piece, and his friend Eric plans to give Doc a rowing machine.

Doc becomes suspicious because people stop talking when he comes into a room. One night at Halfway House he overhears a drunk asking the bartender about attending his birthday party. Doc then makes arrangements to store his expensive things so that they don’t get broken during this party. In addition, he orders food for the party, correctly assuming that no one else has done so. The sex workers at the Bear Flag discuss what to wear to the party and arrange to take different shifts so that they all can attend it at different times.

Chapter 28 Summary

Frankie hears about Doc’s party and wants to get Doc a clock decorated with bronze figurines of St. George killing the dragon. Frankie looks at this clock through the window for several days and eventually goes into Jacob’s Jewelry Store. When Mr. Jacobs tells him that it costs $75, Frankie becomes upset. He spends the day sitting under an overturned rowboat on the beach and walks around Alvarado Street that night.

At 2:30am, Frankie breaks the store window with a piece of concrete and tries to steal the clock with the figurines. However, the police catch him easily, and the chief calls his mother. His mother tells the chief to call Doc, and Doc comes into the police station. There, Doc asks the police to parole Frankie to him and offers to pay for the clock. The police say that Frankie should be in a psychiatric hospital because of his intellectual disabilities. Doc asks Frankie why he stole the clock, and Frankie only replies that he loves Doc. Doc leaves that police station and goes to collect specimens at Point Lobos.

Chapter 29 Summary

On October 27, the day Doc claimed was his birthday, the party preparations continue. Doc finishes bottling jellyfish at 4 o’clock in the afternoon and locks up expensive items in the back room. He plays various records, showers, dresses, and drinks coffee. He then walks to Lee’s store and buys some beer.

Meanwhile, Mack and his friends plan to arrive at Doc’s after 8 o’clock that evening. They think Doc doesn’t know about the surprise party and decide to tell him about the cats they trapped rather than bring them to the laboratory. The residents of the Palace Flophouse begin drinking. The unnamed Chinese immigrant marks time, walking by the Palace at 5:30pm, and slips between the laboratory and the Hediondo.

At the Bear Flag, the sex workers arrange to visit the party in shifts of an hour each so that some are available to help customers throughout the night. The narrator describes Dora’s hair and outfit for the party and the dresses that the other women wear. While working, they’ll wear long formal dresses, and when going to the party, they’ll wear short casual dresses. They put the finished quilt in a box. Dora starts drinking, and this is the cue for other women to start drinking in preparation for the party. Phyllis Mae thinks Doc doesn’t know the party is happening and talks to Doris about how Doc isn’t a patron of the Bear Flag.

Dora comes out of her office and talks to Alfred, whom she previously asked to stay at the Bear Flag all night. When he agrees to this condition, she relents and says he can watch the Bear Flag from the window of the laboratory later that night for a little while. He appreciates this and agrees to stop by for a few minutes. He also admits that he’s concerned about having broken a customer’s back. Dora offers to give him some time off work, suggesting that Mack fill in for him.

Doc switches to drinking whiskey after a couple beers and plays more records, like Pavane for a Dead Princess and Moonlight Sonata, while reading Daphnis and Chloe. The lights of La Ida and the Bear Flag come on, marking time. The narrator describes animals like beetles and a cat at this hour. Mr. Malloy looks out of his boiler to see if the party has started. Mack and his friends watch the clock.

Chapter 30 Summary

This chapter begins with a discussion about parties in general—they each have their own individual character and are subject to change. The narrator condemns over-planned parties run by professional hostesses. While the people on Cannery Row expect the party to be exciting, it starts off slowly and formally. Mack and his friends arrive at 8 o’clock. They tell Doc about the cats, and he feigns surprise.

Doc offers them some of his whiskey, turning down Eddie’s jugs collected from the bar. Dora arrives with some of the sex workers, and they give Doc the quilt; he compliments their work. Mr. Malloy gives him the car parts, explaining their worth, and Henri arrives with his pincushion art piece. The party gradually becomes less formal. Lee gives Doc his gifts, and other people arrive from La Ida. Doc puts on a dance record and cooks the food he bought.

A fight breaks out when a person who came from La Ida makes a lewd comment to one of the sex workers. Mack and his friends get him outside without breaking anything. As Doc continues to cook, Mack watches over the record player, and people dance. After Doc serves the food, the party takes on a “rich digestive sadness” (174). Doc serves wine, and Dora asks him to play different music. Doc puts on Monteverdi and reads part of the poem “Black Marigolds” by Bilhana Kavi, translated by E. Powys Mathers. Phyllis Mae and Dora cry. Hazel is entranced by the sounds of the poem. Mack and everyone else recall a lost lover.

After the poetry recitation, the party seems about to wind down until a group of fishermen arrives, thinking that the laboratory is the Bear Flag. Mack tells them that they’re mistaken, but they point to the sex workers at the party as proof. A fight breaks out. The women hit the fishermen with their high heels, Dora uses a meat grinder, and Doc fights with the car parts. The fishermen throw books. Alfred arrives and uses an indoor ball bat. The front door breaks again, and the fight spills out into the street.

Once the fishmen are expelled, the rest of the people hide, with the lights off, from the cop car passing along the street. Different women from the Bear Flag arrive, and the others go back to work. The cops come back because of the noise and join the party. Mack and his friends steal the cop car to get more alcohol. The fishermen come back peacefully and are welcomed. When a woman down the street tries to call the cops, she can’t reach them at the station because they’re at the party. Someone lights Lee’s firecrackers.

Chapter 31 Summary

This chapter turns the attention to a gopher living on the lot near Palace Flophouse. The gopher chooses this location because of the mallow weeds and nature of the earth. The narrator describes the gopher in detail, including how he creates a burrow where he can store food and his process of storing food. The location is ideal because of its beauty and its lack of predators and traps. The gopher hopes to raise a family on the lot but can’t find a female gopher there.

He travels across the track and finds another gopher hole, which smells of a female gopher. After he squeaks at the hole’s entrance, another male gopher emerges. The two fight, and the original gopher is wounded. He must retreat to his burrow in the vacant lot. After he heals, he still can’t find a female gopher in this location, so he moves to a garden two blocks away where there are traps.

Chapter 32 Summary

The final chapter describes the aftermath of the party in the laboratory. Doc wakes up, first seeing the quilt and then seeing the dishes all over the floor and table, as well as the books scattered across the floor. He also sees the remains of the firecrackers, the mess in the kitchen, and other detritus from the party.

Doc looks out on the quiet morning on Cannery Row outside his window. He takes a shower and gets dressed, noticing the mess along the way. He goes to Lee’s store; it’s closed, but Lee opens the door and gets him some beer even before he asks for it. Doc confirms that he had a good time at the party when Lee asks.

Back at the laboratory, Doc drinks some beer and eats a sandwich. He hears calming music in his mind and begins to clean up, gathering glasses and washing them in soapy water. He takes a break and puts on a record of Gregorian music. When the music stops, he takes another break and sees the book from the night before partially under his bed. He reads a few more stanzas of “Black Marigolds,” as the narrator describes the soapy water inside and the ocean at the pier outside.

Doc puts away the book and listens to the ocean and the laboratory rats. He composes and recites a stanza of poetry about his experience, following the structure of Bilhana Kavi’s translated poem. The novel ends by describing the rats and rattlesnakes in the laboratory.

Chapters 27-32 Analysis

The novel’s final section strongly highlights the theme of The Function of Community as Mack and his friends, with the support of the Cannery Row community, plan and hold a new party for Doc. This event brings together all the main characters and other residents of Cannery Row who previously appeared in the book: “People didn’t get the news of the party—the knowledge of it just slowly grew up in them. And no one was invited. Everyone was going” (156). While the party was supposed to be a surprise, Doc finds out about it from a drunk at the Halfway House, who mentions that “[e]verybody” (160) is going. This echoes the “[e]verybody” (5) from the Prologue. Community forms around an event that celebrates a beloved resident of Cannery Row. Unlike the previous party that Mack and his friends organize, everybody is involved in this successful party. During the event itself, “the party” (178) becomes an inclusive, collective noun. In other words, “the party” describes the actions of the group.

Creating gifts for Doc further tightens the Cannery Row community. At the Bear Flag, sex workers sew Doc “a patchwork quilt, a beautiful thing of silk [...] Under the community of effort, those fights and ill feelings that always are present in a whore house completely disappeared” (157). Here, the function of community is to eliminate disputes and resentments. Women come together to celebrate a man whose company they enjoy. This defies stereotypes and social pressures that women face—women are characterized as catty and taught to compete with one another for the attention of men. Between sex workers, this competition for male attention is often purely financial. For the other women in Steinbeck’s novel, competition between women—sex workers and non-sex workers—is about ideas of virtuousness. Generally, competition between women for male attention is about securing a husband. However, the women who work for Dora come together to make a quilt: a visual representation of community in that many different pieces are sewn together.

In addition, the party supports the theme of Questioning the Nature of Success. Instead of labor and work being the measure of success, how the party goes determines success. It isn’t a cheap event, and Doc isn’t a rich man: “Three or four such parties [...] and he would lose the laboratory” (160) because of the cost of food and drinks to keep his guests happy. However, the party isn’t excessively expensive either. For instance, Doc doesn’t buy the most expensive whiskey. The cost of a party isn’t what indicates its success. Rather, how much people enjoy themselves indicates its success. The party starts off a little “formally” but eventually begins “to take on depth and vigor” (174).

The highest measures of the party’s success are the events that occur after it’s over. Even after surveying the damage that the party caused—which was less than the damage during the previous party—Doc asserts that it was a “[g]ood time!” (183). Additionally, the party improves future labor relations. Dora not only gives her bouncer, Alfred, an opportunity to take a break that evening to attend the event but also assures him that he can have some time off in the future. She says that Mack can fill in for Alfred so that he can recover from accidentally being too rough with a customer during the dark days after the first party. The second party brings the community together in a lasting way, unlike the previous event.

The Sense of Place theme is in play throughout this final section too. Nature is a part of Cannery Row. During the party at Doc’s laboratory, “the cool bay wind blew in through the broken windows” (178). The destruction of the party connects the community with the natural environment: the ocean breeze. Windows in buildings are temporary and replaceable. The ocean and its winds predate structures built in Monterey and will likely outlast them. The novel conveys placing value on people and community over property. In the final moments of the book, Doc cleans up the lab and washes the dishes from the party. This is another moment where the natural and domestic worlds come together: “In the sink the high white foam cooled and ticked as the bubbles burst. Under the piers it was very high tide and the waves splashed on rocks they had not reached in a long time” (184). The water in the sink reflects the tidewater outside. Doc spends several earlier chapters in a tide pool and on a tide flat, connecting his actions with the ocean, and this section extends that connection of his actions with the ocean. He remains in harmony with the environment even when completing domestic tasks.

Literature, like nature, is important in the novel’s final section. Steinbeck includes several subtle allusions to poetry. For instance, the line “Frankie drifted about like a small cloud” (162) may remind the reader of William Wordsworth’s poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The black onyx clock that Frankie tries to steal for Doc is adorned with bronze figurines of St. George killing the dragon, alluding to the end of the first book of Spenser’s Faerie Queene, which reveals the Redcrosse Knight as St. George.

More direct allusions are in the stanzas that Doc reads from the long poem “Black Marigolds.” He recites lines for guests at his party and to himself the following morning. This poem was written by Bilhana Kavi, and Doc’s book is the English translation by Edward Powys Mathers. After these two instances of quoting from a book of poetry, Doc recites his own lines in the same style. The 10 stanzas are quoted at length so that those unfamiliar with “Black Marigolds” can see its structure and understand how Doc emulates it in his stanza:

Even now,
I know that I have savored the hot taste of life
Lifting green cups and gold at the great feast.
Just for a small and a forgotten time
I have had full in my eyes from off my girl
The whitest pouring of eternal light. (185)

The cups reference the dishes he’s washing while reciting these lines, and the feast is the party the night before. Doc uses poetry to explain how profoundly the party affected him, from the woman who left lipstick on his beard to his friends who helped him enjoy life. Earlier in the novel, various residents of Cannery Row want to do something for Doc, and the ending—especially this stanza of poetry—affirms how they make him feel joy and the love from his community.

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