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From the top of the wall, Sherlock can see an open yard with evidence of rutted wheel tracks and a large barn at the back of the enclosure. The boy sneaks down for a closer look and finds men loading crates onto a wagon. He overhears a conversation in which the man he was tailing explains that another man, Wint, was stealing from the operation, so he was killed. This was the first victim of the black smoke.
After the men finish loading the cart, they discuss their instructions from the boss, whom they call “The Baron.” He wants the property burned to leave no evidence of their operation behind. Sherlock finds himself boxed in and unable to reach any of the doors, which the men padlock behind them. Then, they shatter an oil lamp and set fire to the barn. Sherlock looks around desperately for a way out and decides to use a cart to ram the back wall:
He thanked whatever deity was watching over him for the mysterious Baron, whoever he was, who had so impressed his workers with his cautiousness that they had not only arranged for a spare cart but kept the axles greased as well (89).
After repeated failed attempts, Sherlock succeeds in breaking through and slips out of the building, climbing the wall to escape the property. He realizes that the mysterious baron is probably the red-eyed man he saw inside the carriage that day and hurries home since the sun is about to set.
The following morning at breakfast, Uncle Sherrinford talks about the dead man, who was a gardener on the estate. He speculates that the cause of death was bubonic plague and fears that rumors may spread throughout the community and cause panic. Aunt Anna contributes an important fact to Sherlock’s investigation when she mentions that the dead gardener previously worked in a clothing factory for a Baron Maupertuis. Sherlock concludes that this is the baron who is behind the deaths and that he owns a factory that makes garments.
When Sherlock leaves the house, he sees a figure on horseback watching him from a distance. The person departs before he can get a closer look. Then, he finds Matty waiting for him with two bicycles that he “found.” As they ride, Sherlock tells Matty everything that happened the previous day. Then, he proposes to alert the police but thinks better of the plan because “two dead bodies, a strange cloud of death, a mysterious yellow powder, and a group of thugs setting fire to a warehouse—it was too much like a child’s fantasy game” (103).
Not knowing what else to do, Sherlock suggests that the boys should talk the matter over with Crowe. Matty happens to know which house in town Crowe is renting and leads Sherlock there. He stays outside while Sherlock knocks on the door. The boy is greeted by Crowe’s forthright, attractive daughter, Virginia. She is about 14, with red hair and violet eyes that captivate Sherlock. He learns that the girl’s mother died during the crossing to England, which is one reason why Virginia hates Britain. She rides her horse astride rather than sidesaddle and is the person that Sherlock saw watching him earlier. As she leaves to go for another ride, Crowe arrives home.
Sherlock tells his tutor everything that’s happened during the past day, but Crowe doesn’t have enough facts to reach any conclusions yet. He also warns Sherlock that this isn’t his battle to fight. Later, Sherlock considers other options rather than giving up. He remembers Crowe’s friend in Guildford is an expert on tropical diseases and resolves to show him the yellow powder that he found.
The next day, Sherlock finds Matty in the marketplace and persuades him to go to Guildford to consult the expert. This would be a two-hour bicycle ride, but Matty proposes traveling in his boat on the River Wey. The trip will take just as long by water but will require less effort if his horse pulls the boat. The boys decide to leave before dawn the next morning. Sherlock will slip out and leave a note saying that he’s gone out for the day with his tutor.
While the sky is still dark the following morning, Sherlock leaves undetected and meets Matty by the river. His horse is tied to the front of a long, narrow craft, and Matty uses a boathook to guide the small vessel while his horse pulls it forward. As they get underway, Matty says that he made inquiries about the first victim. He was a tailor who was making army uniforms and was employed at the warehouse that burned down.
As the boat approaches a bridge, the boys notice someone standing on it, carrying a lantern. By its light, Sherlock recognizes one of the men from the warehouse, whose name is Clem. He tosses the lantern onto the boat, setting the little craft on fire. Sherlock uses a wet blanket to douse the flames, but Clem throws another lantern. Then, he jumps down onto the deck, a knife in hand. Apparently, Sherlock’s trip to the warehouse did not go undetected. Sherlock struggles with Clem before the latter can knife him, but Matty comes up from behind and uses his boathook to crack Clem’s skull. The latter dies and falls into the river.
As the sun rises, the boys recover and continue their journey. Matty doesn’t know why Clem attacked until Sherlock explains that he was the intended target. Once they enter Guildford, Matty secures the boat and horse to a wharf, and the boys seek out Professor Winchcombe. Matty chooses to stay outside while Sherlock confers with the expert. The professor examines the yellow dust under a microscope and says that it is bee pollen. He concludes that the red boils on the victims’ faces were multiple bee stings. Winchcombe talks about aggressive species of bees unknown in Europe that could inflict such harm, comparing their swarming motion to a cloud of smoke.
Sherlock remembers the black cloud around the second victim and speculates that these were small black bees resembling a cloud of smoke from a distance. The professor says, “I believe there are African bees that are small and virtually black. They too are very aggressive” (146). Sherlock asks the professor to write a short letter to Crowe explaining his theory. On the way back downriver, the boys meet up with Virginia, who is out riding. She promises to give Winchcombe’s letter to her father immediately and canters off.
In this segment, the mystery deepens, and Sherlock finds himself reaching out to others for assistance. Such gestures foreground the theme of The Value of Allies. Initially, Matty comes to his aid by producing two bicycles to allow the boys to widen their search radius. Later, he will also offer the use of his boat and horse to get them to Guildford. Most significant of all is that Matty saves Sherlock’s life when the latter is attacked by Clem. If Sherlock had continued to conduct his investigation alone, it would have ended before it began because he would already be dead.
Another central character is introduced in this segment. Virginia Crowe is the daughter of Sherlock’s tutor, and he immediately finds himself attracted to the girl. While she will prove to be another ally in his investigation, his feelings are personal, and he is beginning to expand his focus beyond intellectual pursuits. In some sense, Virginia socializes Sherlock better than either Matty or her father could. Sherlock also seeks another ally when he discloses the investigation to his tutor. Although Matty is wary of trusting the American, Sherlock has already overcome his reservations and lays the entire case before Crowe:
He remembered the imposing figure of Amyus Crowe, and a feeling of relief swept over him, flushing away the cloud of uncertainty [...] his mind worked logically, using evidence as stepping stones to come to conclusions rather than jumping right to the end of the path (104).
Just as Sherlock himself discovered earlier, Crowe declares that more facts are needed to reach a conclusion. Further, he suggests that this might be a fight that Sherlock shouldn’t undertake, saying, “You’ve had an interestin’ time […]. But I’m unsure what it all adds up to. There’s still two fellows dead, an’ a possible outbreak of disease. If you want my opinion, let it be’” (112).
Of course, Sherlock doesn’t. He chooses to be guided by his tutor’s earlier advice to amass as many facts as possible, integral lessons in his Becoming Holmes. To add to his collection, he must reach out to another potential ally in Professor Winchcombe. This decision proves wise because Winchcombe dispels Sherlock’s cloud of confusion by identifying that bees are responsible for the suspicious deaths in Farnham. The conversation with Winchcombe emphasizes the theme of False Perceptions. To this point, most of the citizens are convinced that a bubonic plague outbreak is responsible for the deaths. Even Sherlock’s aunt and uncle assume that a plague outbreak is imminent. Admittedly, the real cause would seem farfetched to the average Victorian. Killer bees would have been unknown in England in the mid-1860s. However, the improbable nature of the real culprit is what makes it so easy to escape detection. Later in the novel, Sherlock will foreground an assumption that has become a classic in the Holmes canon. In “The Man with the Twisted Lip,” he states, “When you have eliminated all which is impossible then whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.”
Because the theory of killer bees is so wildly improbable, Sherlock has the presence of mind to ask Winchcombe to write a letter stating his conclusions. The fact that no one would take Sherlock’s word for this theory is yet another example of false perceptions. Everyone believes that teenagers lack good judgment. Another ally emerges as Matty and Sherlock make their way back home. When Virginia arrives on horseback, she agrees to carry Winchcombe’s letter back to her father so he can alert the authorities. Again, his credibility won’t be questioned, especially with written testimony in hand from an expert on the subject.
This section shows Sherlock is fighting a battle on two fronts. Not only must he deal with the baron’s nefarious plot, but he must also battle his own lack of credibility with the adults in his life. Obedience is expected of the young not the ability to solve murders. However, Sherlock has succeeded in building a network of allies who will support him in his quest for the truth. It might be possible to ignore a lone boy but not four people who all agree that justice should prevail.