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43 pages 1 hour read

Kennedy Odede, Jessica Posner

Find Me Unafraid: Love, Loss, And Hope In An African Slum

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2015

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Chapters 5-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 5 Summary: “jessica”

Jessica and Kennedy walk up a hill to the local soccer field. It is a peaceful overlook of Kibera, a place that Kennedy goes to think and meditate, but he admits, “I’ve never brought anyone here before” (83). Jessica finds him easily switching moods from the jovial, outgoing Mayor to pensive brooder. He asks to read her palms, although Jessica says, “That sounds to me like a load of crap” (85). Kennedy then tells her he plans on spending the rest of his life with her.

Jessica sits writing out the scripts for a theater rehearsal at SHOFCO when Kennedy invites her on a walk. They eat lunch, nyama choma, roast meat, but, as they converse Jessica tries to prevent a romantic relationship from developing by lying about having a boyfriend in Zambia. As they share childhood stories, she becomes more aware of how different their lives are and feels that they might never be able to understand one another. Neither want to get married but instead prefer to focus on work. Kennedy, however, admits he would get married in a heartbeat, only if it was to Jessica. He is looking for an equal partner, not a woman who will defer to him.

At SHOFCO rehearsals Jessica has a hard time getting the girls in her theater group to open up. One girl finally opens up about her cousin’s suicide, which leads another girl to come over to Jessica’s house and reveal that she got pregnant at 13 years old by her father. Her son was taken away from her, she has no money to support him or herself, and her boyfriend was killed in front of her. The next day Jessica has the girls in the theater group turn their backs as the girl tells her story, and one by one each of the girls gets up and tell a similar story. This makes a powerful impact on Jessica: “Kennedy and I talk late into the night about starting a sewing group for young mothers to earn a living making school uniforms” (95). Eventually, the girl who shared her story stops showing up to rehearsals, and Jessica is devastated. 

Chapter 6 Summary: “kennedy”

In this chapter we learn more about Kennedy’s childhood. Father Alberto pays for Kennedy to attend school and provides him with supplies. After overcoming his initial fear of being eaten by white people and not understanding what math was, Kennedy settles into school and does extremely well. When Father Alberto is transferred back to Italy, Kennedy knows the headmistress won’t make good on her promise to let him stay.

He starts going to church every Sunday as a way to see his mother and siblings each week. When a new priest arrives, Father John, he befriends Kennedy, also giving him money for school and food. However, unlike the benevolent Father Alberto, the new priest sexually abuses Kennedy each week. Confusing and scared, Kennedy feels trapped by his need to provide food for his family. Eventually, Kennedy stops believing in God and leaves the church for Rastafarianism.

He starts smoking bange and follows a path he knows is not good, “My only crime was drawing life’s short straw” (106). Kennedy volunteers at a charity home, meeting a white man named Alex who introduces him to the writings of Martin Luther King, Jr. He finds renewed hope in A Testament of Hope: The Essential Writings and Speeches of MLK, Jr. Alex also introduces him to Linda, a woman living in Ohio, who writes to Kennedy throughout his life and provides sage advice around AIDS prevention to Kennedy. She also pays for him to attend boarding school. Although he won’t meet Linda in person until he travels to America with Jessica, she remains an important mother figure in Kennedy’s life. He enrolls in the boarding school, but the school ends up being a place of hunger and violence, not unlike Kibera. After getting sick from the food—because “they put paraffin wax in the food to make the students feel full. It made us horribly sick” (110)—the students burn down the school. They are beaten and imprisoned for three days. Kennedy returns to Kibera a hero. 

Chapter 7 Summary: “jessica”

Jessica spends two weeks in a rural Muslim village on the coast. She enjoys the slow pace of life and space in the village, but slowly realizes that the poverty is the same as it is in the city, it just looks different. She wants to call Kennedy and tell him about the “jiggers”—“sand fleas that get into the skin around your toes and then lay eggs inside” (115)—she has in her foot and her experiences there, but she refrains.

When she comes home, she must stay in Nairobi with Mama Rose while she waits for her feet to heal. Kennedy comes to visit her, remarkably uncomfortable with the middle-class home she is staying at. They go for a walk and Kennedy mentions that she never called, but Jessica is confused: “He says this with so little emotion I can’t tell if he is angry or is just stating a fact” (117). Kennedy leaves for his mother’s village to go install a toilet.

Jessica’s friend Gabi comes to Nairobi and organizes a dinner at a restaurant with Kennedy. Kennedy pays for the expensive meal, saying “African men provide” (119). Kennedy and Jessica drink beer at a reggae club. After a fun night, Kennedy tries to kiss Jessica in the cab ride home, but she stops it. Kennedy seems upset: “He says something to the driver in Luo and the car stops. He opens the door, gets out, and slams it behind him, disappearing without another word into the night” (112).

She returns to Kennedy’s house the next day with trepidation. She arrives to power being installed in his home, because she had previously stated she needs to charge her computer battery. Jessica feels like “an intruder” in his life, making him change the way he is living and becoming a burden to his busy life taking care of his family and community.

She spends hours every afternoon hiding behind the curtain on the bed while Kennedy advises the people who come seeking his advice. Kennedy never seems to tire of speaking with his neighbors and helping them find solutions. He helps one man named Onesmus find an orphanage for his infant daughter because he cannot afford to feed her. 

Chapter 8 Summary: “kennedy”

Kennedy narrates more detail around his childhood and relationship with his family. Kennedy’s mother reveals to him that Babi isn’t his biological father, a fact he never knew. Kennedy is relieved at the news and now understands why Babi always targeted him with abuse and was upset when he ate food. He doesn’t want to know who his real father is and dreams of one day becoming the kind of father he never had.

Kennedy tries to provide for his family any way that he can. He gets a factory job making a small wage, waking at four o'clock in the morning to walk hours to work. He is unhappy with the working conditions, the wages, and the poor treatment. He is surrounded by friends being murdered or committing suicide. His sister Jackie is raped and becomes pregnant by a neighbor. The only way to convict her rapist and send him to prison is to bribe the police, which nobody has money for. Jackie runs away to the village to avoid being married to her rapist.

The factory shuts down, and Kennedy finds new work building houses. When the foreman starts stealing the workers’ pay, he organizes a strike. It was unsuccessful because the workers were too desperate for pay to remain on strike: “I was willing to sacrifice for the greater good, but they were not, they could not. I felt more hopeless than ever” (138). Government corruption and worker mistreatment angers Kennedy, but instead of turning to violence like many men in his community, he escapes into literature and learning, relying on figures like civil rights leader MLK, Jr. and South African anti-apartheid revolutionary Nelson Mandela for hope. 

Chapters 5-8 Analysis

Hope is a consistent theme throughout these chapters, specifically for Kennedy. He has hope in his dreams and beliefs despite the struggle of poverty and violence that surrounds him. He finds strength in the teachings of famous nonviolent activists and maintains a sense of hope that is rare for someone in his circumstances. Even as a young boy, Kennedy shows his spirit of activism and talent for community organizing, from leading the riots at his boarding school to coordinating the strike at his construction site job. Despite not being successful at eradicating injustice, Kennedy persists in his fight for fair and equal treatment continues, spurred by his unyielding sense of hope and desire to improve living conditions for his friends, family, colleagues, and community members in Kibera.

By contrast, Jessica takes a more skeptical view of the poverty, corruption, violence, and inequality that plagues Kibera. This skepticism also applies to her perception of Kennedy and their budding romance. Just as Jessica finds it difficult to maintain hope at affecting real or lasting positive change in the slums through their work with SHOFCO, she is likewise skeptical that she and Kennedy will be able to overcome their many differences and build a successful relationship that will last.

Jessica grows discouraged easily, but Kennedy finds strength and energy in supporting his community. Jessica, characterized in these chapters as a true outsider, has entered a world that she doesn’t completely understand and is overwhelmed by the poor living conditions. The naïve hope and desire to bring about positive change that Jessica brought with her to Africa is not enough to sustain her in the slums of Kibera. Kennedy, on the other hand, has cultivated a strong foundation of hope and resilience because of the struggles he’s had to face. Jessica is ultimately inspired by Kennedy’s skills and sense of hope, knowing that if anyone can create change in Kibera, it is him. She draws on Kennedy’s energy in order to remain hopeful in the face of overwhelming adversity, and, as Jessica experiences first-hand the painful stories of violence, rape, and poverty, Kennedy’s role as a beacon of hope and strength become even more important to their work and their evolving relationship. 

Difference is, again, a defining theme in their relationship, becoming more pronounced in these chapters. As Jessica and Kennedy’s relationship continues to develop and grow in complexity, their differences become even more pronounced. Kennedy is sure of his feelings for Jessica, but she hesitates to start a relationship with him because she belongs to a different world and fears their differences are just too great. He makes many attempts to treat her well and show his affection for her—paying for her dinner and installing power at his house—which only makes Jessica feel more uncomfortable and as if she doesn’t belong. The contrast between them is growing, and it’s unclear at this point how they will resolve their differences. 

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