J'Accuse

Pathos plays a large part in Zola’s argument for Dreyfus’s innocence. Identify three pieces of emotional language and analyze why you consider them to be impactful and persuasive.

The most iconic aspect of Zola’s letter is when he makes numerous accusations with the recurrent phrase “J’Accuse.” Paying close attention to language and structure, consider the effect of Zola’s choices in this section.

Antisemitism played a large part in Dreyfus’s wrongful conviction for treason. Unfortunately, this prejudice has continued into the modern era. Conduct further research into the history of antisemitism and how it has evolved into the modern era, particularly as it pertains to the criminal justice system.

Zola’s open letter has been consciously referenced regularly since its publication, especially in the context of civil justice and antidiscrimination. Choose a time when it has been used in recent history and analyze how its user draws on it to strengthen support for their argument.

Zola’s argument relies heavily on a detailed description of the events that led to the outcome of both Dreyfus and Esterhazy’s court martials. To what extent do you think the level of detail aids in his argument and persuades the reader?

Zola appeals to many idealistic notions, particularly “truth” and “justice.” How does Zola define these terms? How does he use them to argue on behalf of Dreyfus’s innocence?

How does J’Accuse…! engage with the (positive and negative) roles of the press in political-social controversies?

Patriotism versus nationalism is a delineation that Zola is careful to make when discussing the events that led to the outcome of the various court martials. Examine how Zola deals with both concepts in service of his argument on behalf of justice.