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57 pages 1 hour read

Wendell Berry

Jayber Crow

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2000

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Part 3, Chapters 23-25Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3, Chapter 23 Summary: “The Way of Love”

Jayber keeps his vow to Mattie, though he admits it is not an easy way to live. Love has caused him to do what some might find ridiculous, but he feels it is worth the cost. In this new phase of his life, Jayber has returned to faith and prayer. He sees now that love has led him his entire life. Jayber still has a lot of questions about God and faith, but he sees now there is no harm in asking them. Having doubts does not make him a faithless person. Having love in his heart does not mean there will not be pain. The world is still full of hellish things and hateful acts. Love is what is eternal, and the only reason love fails on earth is that it is expressed through imperfect humans. Jayber submits his life to the will of God and begins to pray again. He revisits some of his most distressing spiritual questions through new eyes and is comforted in the truth that God loves all people despite their faults. “I was more in the light than I had thought. And also, at night, of course, more in the dark. I had changed, and the sign of it was only that my own death now seemed to be by far the least important thing in my life” (268). Jayber continues to live his small, humble life. He sells his car and walks where he needs to go. He listens to his patrons tell jokes and stories about getting old. Burley Coulter and Big Ellis tell a hilarious story about getting drunk and baking a cake that exploded in the oven. Jayber marks the passage of time in town by the time between the Korean and Vietnam Wars. People watch television at night instead of sitting on the porch talking. Jayber has told no one of his symbolic marriage to Mattie. He admits that nights are hard when he is lonely, but he wakes up each day happy to still be alive.

Part 3, Chapter 24 Summary: “A Passage of Family Life”

Mattie and Troy’s oldest son Jimmy becomes attached to Athey. Jimmy loves being on the farm with his grandfather learning the old ways of homesteading. Athey pays him small sums to help with the chores. Jimmy looks like his father but is different in personality. He spends more time at his grandparents’ home than at his own. Troy is too busy with work to spend time with his son. Jimmy gets more adept at farm work just as Athey's health begins to fade. Athey is having small strokes that impair his ability to walk and speak. Troy complains about Jimmy not being around to help him. Athey can no longer come to town to the barbershop, so Jayber makes home visits for haircuts and to shave him. Often Jayber will stay to visit and have dinner with Della and Mattie. Jayber is sad Athey is dying, but he relishes the time with the family. “And so for a while there I took part in a little passage of family life, and with the family I would have chosen if I had had the choice” (281). Jayber is there on Athey’s last day and holds his hand as he passes. Jayber digs Athey’s grave. After Athey’s death, Jayber does not go to the house anymore. He does not see Della again until Decoration Day when she is placing peonies on Athey’s grave. Jimmy is devastated by Athey’s death. Troy needs him to help on their farm, but he does not get along with his father. The youngest son A. K. is a good student. He helps his father just to keep the peace. Della has to sell the farm despite Jimmy’s desperate pleas to let him run it. Troy is overextended in every way. After Athey's death, Troy begins to expand the farm to excess, and Jimmy begins to rebel against authority.

Part 3, Chapter 25 Summary: “A Period of Disintegration”

Jayber outlines the decline of Port William through several incidents beginning after Athey’s death in 1961. Burgess General Merchandise closes after 60 years because no one in the family wants to run it. Farmers stop raising sheep or keeping flocks as most people now buy their groceries at stores. Jayber sees the world as run by two forces: The War and The Economy. Jayber sees the two as dependent on each other. The Economy only wants people to be purchasers, not producers and thus the need for family farms dies. Young people do not want to become farmers. The older generation is fearful of what will happen when no one is willing to continue their work, and the community begins to suffer. “A sort of communal self-confidence, which must always have existed, had begun to die away” (292). Troy views these men as old-fashioned and sees the way out is through continued expansion and more debt. Port William closes its school and sends the kids to Hargrave. “I know that closing the school just knocked the breath out of the community. It did worse than that. It gave the community a never-healing wound” (295). Mat Feltner dies in 1965. Jayber digs his grave and Burley helps him fill it. The interstate is built nearby giving people more access to the surrounding areas but destroying parts of the land in the process.

Part 3, Chapters 23-25 Analysis

As Part 3 of the novel begins, the author presents the protagonist reborn into a new life, into the redemptive power of love. Jayber’s journey brings him to a place of self-sacrifice and reignites his faith. Jayber’s spiritual revival comes not from a place of disbelief to belief but toward a place of acceptance of a God whose ways he cannot fully understand and surrendering his resistance to the unknown of what lies on the other side of “Thy will be done.” Just as his beloved professor prophesied, not all of Jayber’s questions will be answered. However, this time, the lack of answers does not drive him to despair but to a deeper desire to understand God's character. Jayber comes to realize that God loves everyone despite their sin, and he must also live in this way. Just as God must be grieved by human mistakes, so will Jayber experience grief and sadness, but there will also be joy. He makes peace with living in the tension between heartbreak and happiness. Jayber makes his religion the service of his community and the individuals residing inside.

The first heartbreak Jayber must endure in this new enlightenment is the decline and death of Athey Keith. Jayber commits to helping Della and Mattie preserve Athey’s dignity to the end by the simple act of shaving his face and cutting his hair. It is a tender service that brings Jayber into home and family life that he deeply desires. He feels guilty for experiencing joy while Athey is dying, but in this season he comes to realize the power of grief and gladness existing in the same moment. When Athey’s death comes, Jayber experiences both the loss of his dear friend and the end of his time as a part of the family. As with the death of a patriarch and as Jayber predicted, the Keith-Chatham family begins to unravel. Jimmy idolizes his grandfather and is now lost without Athey’s guidance in the sanctuary of the farm. Troy moves from distant father to demanding overseer and Jimmy will not comply. Mattie is left to deal with the fallout of her grief and the handling of the estate, which could put her at odds with her husband.

The author shifts from the view of one family’s demise to the wider view of Port William’s decline. Just as Athey’s death was a slow, gradual loss of his faculties and dignity, Port William’s deterioration is an agonizing dismantling bit by bit. Jayber charts the decline through the closing of family farms and businesses serving as pillars of the community. As the old generation passes away, their progeny has no taste for the slow, humbling work of the homestead or managing a storefront. The temptations of modernity are too strong. As he watches the stores close, the schoolhouse be shuttered, and respected elders fade into the past, Jayber feels a profound sense of loss capitulated with the symbolic death of Mat Feltner. Mat was instrumental in Jayber’s installation as a member of Port William. Along with Burley, Mat saw past Jayber’s youth and poverty and invested in him, not just as a business owner but as a man. As Jayber and Burley fill Mat’s grave, Jayber seals the end of an era in his life and his community’s. The interstate barrels into their quiet community destroying the environment, choking out the last of the old life and noisily ramrodding modernity into the heart and lives of the tiny town.

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