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68 pages 2 hours read

Kelly Yang

Room to Dream

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2021

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Chapters 1-10Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: This section of the guide describes and discusses the novel’s treatment of racism and gentrification.

At Anaheim Junior High, the seventh-grade math class is decorating a Christmas tree. Mia Tang, the novel’s protagonist, turns to ask Lupe to help, forgetting that her friend doesn’t share any of her classes this year. Lupe tested into the eighth-grade courses and has become distant with all her studying. Luckily, Mia’s friend Jason is still in her classes. Jason is studying and excelling at culinary arts. His classmates at school tease him for pursuing something they say is meant for “old ladies” (2), but Mia encourages him to chase his dream.

Mia’s family is finally going on a Christmas vacation to China; Mia and her parents moved away four years ago. Since airline tickets are expensive, Mia’s parents want to stay for six weeks. Lupe’s parents, who also work at the Calivista motel that Mia’s parents own, will ensure things run smoothly while the Tangs are away. Mia requires one more teacher’s permission to miss a few weeks of school until she is fully excused: her English teacher, Ms. Swann.

Later in English class, Ms. Swann praises the writing of the newest student, Da-Shawn Wallace. Jealous, Mia glances at Ms. Swann’s Most board, where once a month the teacher “recognized the Most Creative Writer, Most Funny Writer, and Most Moving Writer” (6). Mia is determined to have her name on that board, and as Ms. Swann returns yet another A paper, her confidence grows.

Today is also the day of the class photo, and Mia hopes that this year her parents will purchase a copy. She poses with Jason and Lupe in the front row, but the photographer tells them to move to the back. Mia is confused at his demand, since he isn’t ordering any of the white kids to move to the back. Jason tries to brush it off, saying he didn’t want to be front and center anyway, but Mia is tired of being treated differently for how she looks and where she’s from.

Back in English class, Mia relays the incident to Ms. Swann, who is empathetic but doesn’t understand the racial undertones of the incident. When Mia asks about time off to visit China, Ms. Swann is ecstatic for Mia and hands her a notebook. Ms. Swann tells Mia to keep a journal of her time in China, so she can read about it when she gets back. Mia, eager to demonstrate her true writing abilities, eagerly accepts the assignment.

Back at the Calivista, Hank, a kind Black man in charge of marketing, is frustrated after being on the phone with multiple travel agents all day. He is hoping to partner with some of them to grow their business, but they each insisted that Calivista doesn’t have enough of a brand. Mia’s dad enters with Mrs. Davis. Mia’s Dad needs help with cleaning the motel while Mia’s mom studies to become a math teacher. Especially with the construction at the two competing motels, the Lagoon and the Topaz, business is busier than ever. Mia tells her dad that her teachers approved her trip to China, and her mom shares more exciting news: She passed her substitute teaching exam.

Chapter 2 Summary

That night, Mia’s family, along with Lupe and her parents, Hank, and the others who work at the Calivista, celebrate over dinner. As the adults cook, Mia opens a rejection letter from the Los Angeles Gazette. With a heavy heart, she adds it to the pile. After her piece on Proposition 187 was published in the Los Angeles Times, Mia was determined to be published again. All year, she mailed her opinion pieces to papers all over the country, but they have all been rejected. The letter from the Gazette is her 79th rejection. No one else knows about her effort.

At dinner, Mia’s mom expresses her excitement about becoming a substitute teacher. This could be the first step toward saving for a house with a picket fence: the American Dream. When they run out of dipping sauce for the spring rolls, Dad offers to go buy more at the Asian Mart. Mom tells him it closed, along with several other locally owned shops. The neighborhood is rapidly gentrifying, with small businesses struggling to compete with new mega corporations.

In the background, the TV newscaster covers the OJ Simpson trial and the resulting increase in racial tension in the United States. Hank gets frustrated, telling his friends, “Every time something like that happens […] it’s like a presumption of guild that extends to all of us Black folks” (18). Mia recalls the incident with the photographer, and she tells the group what happened. Hank says he needs to escape it all, so Dad invites him to join them in China. Once assured the motel will be okay without him for a while, he agrees to come.

Chapter 3 Summary

Mia and Hank start to make a list of items they will need to bring. Hank mentions toilet paper, since his travel guide mentioned China doesn’t use it. Taken aback, Mia tells him that they do have toilet paper then excuses herself to her room.

Hank comes to apologize for making assumptions about China, and Mia forgives him. She also opens up to him about the pile of rejection letters in her closet, and Hank urges her to share her troubles more often: “Mia, you can’t just bottle up the bad stuff and only tell people the good” (22). Mia is still discouraged, but Hank insists that her perseverance will pay off. Mia feels more hopeful about her writing and the potential creative inspiration she’ll get on her trip to China.

Chapter 4 Summary

The night that Mia, Jason, and Lupe are meant to go see the movie Toy Story and have Christmas dinner together, Lupe calls to tell Mia that she’s sick. Mia is disappointed, “bummed [to be] seeing [her] first movie in an American theater without [Lupe]” (25), but leaves to meet Jason alone. Toy Story is everything the two hoped for and more, and they talk about it all the way to the restaurant. At Jade Zen, Mia notices that the congee shop she and her parents used to frequent has vanished. Mia exclaims, “Oh my God, Jade Zen ate the congee shop!” (27). Jason is not nearly as bothered. His father is in big business, so he prefers chains, whereas Mia, whose parents are independent business owners, has the opposite preference.

After they eat, Jason gives Mia her present: a gold key on a chain. As she reaches up to put it on, Jason leans across the table and kisses her on the lips. Mia, who doesn’t like him romantically, is horrified. She puts the chain on the table and leaves the restaurant.

Chapter 5 Summary

After a long flight, the Tangs and Hank land in Beijing. The Tangs get in the national line while Hank gets in a separate one for foreigners. Mia thinks, “I [don’t] feel like a Chinese national, but […] for the first time in forever, everybody looked like me” (35). The man at immigration welcomes them back for their stay, and they exit the lines to find their family.

Mia and the others are greeted by Aunt Juli (Mom’s sister), Uncle Jo, a few other aunts and uncles as well as the cousins: Shen, Bo, and Lian. Mia greets her cousins as she would her own siblings. Growing up, they were like her brothers due to China’s one-child policy. Shen was especially close to Mia, and she is ecstatic to reunite with him. She looks at Mom, who “burst[s] into tears at the sight of her sisters” (37). Amid the joyful reunions, one of Mia’s aunts notices Hank.

Aunt Juli asks who he is, and Dad introduces him to everyone. Suddenly, Bo and Lian jump up and down, trying to touch Hank’s curly hair. Bo and Lian tell her in Chinese that they’ve never seen a Black person. Mia is mortified at her cousins’ behavior and grateful that Hank cannot understand what they are saying.

Chapter 6 Summary

China has changed a lot since Mia left. The streets are filled with American cars and high rises that resemble the ones in Anaheim. However, Lao Lao, her grandmother on Mom’s side, is making her favorite traditional Chinese dinner that night. Mia is glad that some things have stayed the same. Her family expected Mia to prefer burgers now, and Hank offers to cook his own famous saltine burgers while he’s visiting.

Lao Lao (Grandma) and Lao Ye (Grandpa) welcome them all inside the “siheyuan, a traditional Beijing courtyard home” (42). Mia walks through the courtyard and reminisces about her life in China: it’s as if she’s watching “[a] million pockets of [her] past, flashing before [her] eyes” (43).

Inside, Lao Lao has prepared a feast. The family laughs it off when Hank uses a rubber band to make the chopsticks easier to use, but as soon as he hands one to Mia, the family questions why she can’t use them. Shen offers to get them spoons, but Mom insists Mia will, and knows how to, use the chopsticks. Embarrassed, Mia asks if she can be excused to go to the bathroom.

Shen takes her outside, and she steps “up to the porcelain edges of the squat-let” (47). She slips and falls in the middle of the hole in the ground, soaking herself up to her knees in poop. She lets out a scream and Shen rushes in to help. He guides her back to the house to get cleaned up.

Inside, Lao Lao and Mom clean her up while her cousins tease her for not being able to use chopsticks or a Chinese bathroom. Mia no longer feels like she fits in. She thinks, “At school I wasn’t white enough. Here I wasn’t Chinese enough” (47). More than ever, she feels like an outsider.

Chapter 7 Summary

Early the next morning, Mia, Dad, and Hank head out to get jianbings for breakfast. Dad is bursting with excitement to eat his favorite breakfast again and to introduce it to Mia and Hank. Mia takes a bite: the “softness of the egg melt[s] on [her] tongue. The crunch of the fried dough mixe[s] perfectly with the kick of the chili pepper and the sweetness of the bean sauce” (51). The combination of flavors is exactly like something Jason would love. They order three more for Lao Lao, Lao Le, and Mom, then head back home.

When they get back, Mia asks to hang out with Shen, who is out of school for the day. With a promise to return for Hank’s famous burgers that night, Mia and Mom go with Shen and Aunt Juli. The two start catching up. Shen complains about how many tutors he has, but Aunt Juli tells Mia that it’s necessary for him to handle the pressure of his prestigious and rigorous school.

At Aunt Juli’s fancy high-rise apartment, they meet the professional cleaner, Auntie Lin. Mia’s heart drops when she notices that Auntie Lin is wearing the sweater Mom bought for Aunt Juli’s Christmas gift. Aunt Juli, who has been wearing more expensive clothing since her husband’s promotion, seems to think it wasn’t good enough for her.

When they’re alone, Shen tells Mia he is bullied at school. His classmates call him “Wrong Pile […] Like I should’ve gotten rejected. That it’s only because of my parents’ influence that my letter ended up in the acceptance pile” (55). Mia feels guilty for not staying in touch with Shen. Mia tells him about the trouble she had back when Jason used to bully her at first, then she tells him about the kiss. Shen comforts her, and Mia is glad to be in China after all. With a friend like Shen, she doesn’t feel so alone.

Chapter 8 Summary

On the drive back, Aunt Juli tells Mom that she is concerned about their parents getting older and trying to go to the bathroom outside. Aunt Juli wants to know if Mom will chip in to buy them a new apartment. Mom is hesitant; their financial situation hasn’t changed much since they moved. Mia is conflicted: “I [feel] so torn, the tension ripping through me like turbulence on a plane” (60). Before Mia can chime in, Mom agrees to help.

Dad’s mother (Nai Nai), sister Pearl, and brother Lin join for dinner that night. Nai Nai comments on Mia’s darker skin and scolds her parents for letting her tan. She then turns to Hank and says “That guy’s definitely not been avoiding the sun” (61). Mia is furious at her grandmother’s ignorance and leaves with Hank and Shen to help make the burgers.

When they sit down to eat, Nai Nai asks Mia’s parents if they’ll be moving back to China. Mom tells them they’re doing well in the United States, and Mia was published in a newspaper. Aunt Juli is not impressed: “Writing though, is that really a suitable profession for a girl?” (64). Aunt Pearl asks how much money they make, and Dad tells them they have enough, but not so much to make anyone jealous. They mention Mom’s new job, but the family again twists it into yet another problem. According to them, the man should provide for the entire household, and the woman shouldn’t have to work.

After dinner, Mia’s parents discuss how prosperous China is now and wonder if they made the right choice in leaving. Mia, meanwhile, is still fuming from the night’s events. She wonders, “why’d my nai nai have to make that that comment about me getting tan? […] And my lao lao, thinking boys were better at math?” (67). Even though she grew up hearing similar opinions, Mia is now uncomfortable with them. China has changed, but so has she.

Chapter 9 Summary

On Sunday, Hank and Mia go sightseeing together. While they are out, lots of people think that Hank is a famous movie star, Samuel L. Jackson. Hank and Mia try to explain that he isn’t, but after a while go along with it. A group of men befriends Hank and Mia, and they go for lunch together.

They are greeted by Mr. Fang, the owner of Main Street Grill. Over lunch, Hank learns that the men were “recently let go from their government jobs due to the rapidly changing economy” (71). Mia translates what they said to Hank, and he pays for their lunches. They start to protest, but he does his best Samuel L. Jackson impression, quoting a line from Die Hard: “Listen, I ain’t your partner. I ain’t your neighbor, your brother, or your friend. I’m your total stranger. And today, I am paying for your lunch” (73). The men graciously accept his gift, and Mia revels in this beautiful moment with a group of strangers.

Chapter 10 Summary

Mia asks to stop by her old neighborhood to look for a kind old man, lovingly nicknamed Popsicle Grandpa. He used to “give kids Popsicles for free if [they] told him what [they] learned that day” (74). Popsicle Grandpa is delighted to see Mia again and pleased to hear Mia is getting an education in the United States. He explains why he values education so much: “I remember when my daughter was just your age, she was such a good student in school. And then one day, she couldn’t go anymore” (77). His daughter grew up during the Cultural Revolution, which was one of the reasons the Tangs left China. He continues, “Millions of young people had to go to the countryside. By the time it was over, it was too hard for her to come back. […] She never got to go to school again” (78).

Mia promises she’ll keep in touch when she leaves China. Popsicle Grandpa tells her his own daughter doesn’t visit much anymore and tells Mia to stay close to her family. With a promise to come back again and visit, Mia and Hank leave Popsicle Grandpa and head back home.

Chapters 1-10 Analysis

The first 10 chapters of Room to Dream introduce a number of important topics and conflicts, both broader ones that feed into the themes, and more specific ones that push the narrative along. The presence of racism and its effect on the characters is demonstrated early on, as is the idea of consent. Lupe’s leaving is directly tied to the challenge of trying to catch up as an immigrant of color in the United States. In turn, the conversations that Mia and Jason have about the chain model versus smaller business paves the way for an ongoing discussion regarding the issue of gentrification.

The presence of racism, including how it affects the characters in the story, is clear from the very beginning. The incident with the school photographer reappears often throughout the book. When the photographer tells the three children to move to the back, it’s clear that the unspoken goal is to create the appearance of a class of white students: Mia “look[s] around to the other kids in the front row. The other kids [are] mostly white. Some [are] even taller than [her] and Lupe, but he wasn’t telling them to move” (8). Racism is also what drives Hank to need a vacation, and it is ultimately a driving factor in his decision to go to China. There, the group thinks there won’t be as much racism. However, Mia’s extended family ends up proving this theory wrong, and the group learns that China is not immune to racism.

Another key element that emerges in these chapters is the concept of consent in a romantic context. Yang makes this topic accessible for younger readers through Mia’s first kiss, which is taken from her impulsively by Jason. While Jason might be excited to kiss Mia, Mia did not agree to the kiss, and she can’t stop thinking about how she felt in that moment. She describes her horror at the incident: “I wanted to crawl out of my skin every time I thought about the kiss” (33). Mia’s deep discomfort after it happens demonstrates the importance of asking permission; namely, it shows how failing to do so represents a betrayal of trust that can undermine a relationship. The moment also makes Mia question herself and her own ideals. She wonders whether something done to her without her permission is, in fact, something for which she must take the blame. As Mia will ultimately come to the conclusion that the kiss is not her fault, this thread of the plot also validates her original feelings. As a whole, this incident lays the groundwork for a conversation about consent and respect that spans the book.

These chapters introduce and begin to explore some of the main themes through specific characters. Lupe is a catalyst for the theme of The Pressure to Overperform in Oppressed Communities. She manifests a straightforward image of how immigrants have to work much harder for the same opportunities and respect as white Americans. The harm that this pressure can inflict emerges in her character as well as she surrenders her position at the front desk with her best friend to try to catch up to her white classmates. Lupe’s determination is clear from the beginning. However, Mia does not yet understand the extent of the stress that is weighing on her best friend. Lupe specifically represents the various obstacles to success that are inherent in the United States for immigrants and for people of color. This theme interacts often with the theme of Perseverance in the Face of Adversity. That is, often for these characters, as people of color and immigrants, the adversity they face relates to their identity. It includes institutional and systemic disadvantages. It also includes the abundance of expectations they feel pressured to live up—whether by society at large or by their own families.

The theme of The Effects of Gentrification on Small Businesses also emerges in these chapters especially through the character of Jason. Jason has a stake in big business since his father recently acquired one. Jason views big businesses as a way to fit in and impress others. Accordingly, Jason measures the success of Jade Zen, which features “giant murals and mirrors on the wall [and] […] certainly looked fancier than the congee place” (26). Mia, in contrast, is set in her opinion that small businesses are better. She measures the success of the old congee restaurant differently: “The congee shop was authentic. The owner was from Guangzhou, and every morning he made sixteen different types of congee” (27). Jason’s arc follows his shift to agreeing with Mia, and Mia’s arc builds from passively appreciating other small businesses to fighting for her own to stay authentic and independently owned.

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