112 pages • 3 hours read
Jesmyn WardA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Summary
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
“The Tradition” by Jericho Brown
Introduction by Jesmyn Ward
“Homegoing, AD” by Kima Jones
“The Weight” by Rachel Kaadzi Ghansah
“Lonely in America” by Wendy S. Walters
“Where Do We Go from Here?” by Isabel Wilkerson
“‘The Dear Pledges of Our Love’: A Defense of Phillis Wheatley’s Husband” by Honorée Fanonne Jeffers
“White Rage” by Carol Anderson
“Cracking the Code” by Jesmyn Ward
“Queries of Unrest” by Clint Smith
“Blacker Than Thou” by Kevin Young
“Da Art of Storytellin’ (a Prequel)” by Kiese Laymon
“Black and Blue” by Garnette Cadogan
“The Condition of Black Life Is One of Mourning” by Claudia Rankine
“Know Your Rights!” by Emily Raboteau
“Composite Pops” by Mitchell S. Jackson
“Theories of Time and Space” by Natasha Trethewey
“This Far: Notes on Love and Revolution” by Daniel José Older
“Message to My Daughters” by Edwidge Danticat
Key Figures
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Tools
Ghansah writes of her decision to visit James Baldwin’s former home in the south of France. Although hesitant to pay for this trip, she has received income from writing and is now more relaxed about her previously stressful financial situation. For Ghansah, writing fights against her idea of “black death” (20), which involves financial hardship, trauma, and being forgotten.
When she receives a large check, she decides to travel to Baldwin’s home, as he became her patron saint during a pivotal magazine internship. Her former internship was at a famous magazine with which she was not previously familiar. She anxiously traveled to the city on her first day, and editors oriented her and other interns at the magazine office. A fellow intern referenced the looting after Hurricane Katrina, reminding Ghansah of her black identity and the hurricane, which had occurred that week. She also discovered that she and the fellow intern seemed the only black people on staff at the magazine.
One editor told Ghansah, to her surprise, that she was the magazine’s first black intern and that they had never staffed a black editor. Another editor confirmed this, leaving Ghansah feeling “like an oddity” (25). She experienced this racial difference with equal parts fortitude and fury. She feared she was hired for her race and that her qualifications for the role never mattered.
Her paranoia about this festered when an editor requested that she spend a week sorting files in the magazine storeroom. In the storeroom, she relished sorting through great literary works and invoices from well-known writers like James Baldwin. She found his $350 invoice from 1965, which symbolizes his escape from dark, lonely rooms like the storeroom and his ascension to iconic status.
Back in the present on the train to Baldwin’s home, Ghansah compares him with her grandfather: similar in basic biography, but different in their life goals. During one of her last meetings with her grandfather before his passing, she saw him struggling with poverty in his Los Angeles apartment.
When she arrives, Ghansah admires the exterior of Baldwin’s home. Baldwin said he might not move to France again a second time if he had the chance, but, rather, to Africa. He left America to be free, alone, and to write.
Inside Baldwin’s house, Ghansah finds similar detritus as she found inside her grandfather’s home after his death. There are empty beer cans inside Baldwin’s abandoned home, as well as evidence of the home’s forthcoming demolition. Although he lived there for 25 years, he left behind little, and his house would not serve as a memorial for him as other writers’ homes have. Ghansah concludes “that Baldwin died a black death” (30).
After visiting Baldwin’s house, Ghansah researches his years in the house and reaches out to his acquaintances. She hopes to prevent the house’s destruction and preserve things like the rainbow kitchen in Baldwin’s guest house.
When the writer’s brother carried him to his deathbed, Baldwin quoted song lyrics from the Hollies. Ghansah quotes Baldwin’s writing, in which he discusses the inevitability of death and how it can encourage us to seize the gift of life. The act of writing this essay gives Ghansah the occasion to examine the truth of death and life. She questions her desire to hold onto Baldwin’s past, since he “seemed to have prepared himself well for his black death, his mortality, and even better, his immortality” (31-32). He achieved this through his writing, which maintains relevance in the twenty-first century.
In an anthology that owes its title to a James Baldwin book, this essay also pays tribute to the writer. Rachel Kaadzi Ghansah cannot deny the power of Baldwin’s legacy, as well as her personal connection to him. After touring his home, she asks why America would preserve the homes of venerated writers like Faulkner, yet Baldwin’s home would soon be destroyed. The man she worshipped as a saint in the magazine storeroom became something of a martyr in Ghansah’s eyes, but she ends the piece by reframing his legacy anew. Not a martyr, he created writing that lasts, resounding in its call to justice and thirst for unity.
She expands notions of memory (and memorial) with the description of “black death” (20), caused by constant obscurity, stress, and pain. She mourns her grandfather’s version of black death, surviving on a low income in his old age, and connects him with one of Baldwin’s major themes: “What Baldwin understood is that to be black in America is to have the demand for dignity be at absolute odds with the national anthem” (27-28). This informed Baldwin’s decision to elect for obscurity. He left America and lived in France, a decision Ghansah initially resisted. However, her essay acknowledges that, as a queer black man, Baldwin could not find the freedom he sought in his homeland.
Ghansah makes her pilgrimage to Baldwin’s home amidst her own writer’s journey. She feels proud and wary about her recent successes as a writer, suspecting that her financial solvency could vanish at any moment. However, her memories while riding the train remind her that although she had faced a difficult racial climate at her magazine internship, Baldwin had surpassed great challenges of his own. His index-card invoice in the magazine storeroom memorialized, for Ghansah, that “He had disentangled himself from being treated like someone who was worthless or questioning his worth. And better yet, Baldwin was so good they wanted to preserve his memory” (26).
Baldwin’s own vision of death, represented by an excerpt from The Fire Next Time, contrasts sharply with Ghansah’s earlier conceptions of black death. He observes humans building whole societies to escape the inevitability of death and recommends embracing death rather than avoiding it. Baldwin writes, “It seems to me that one ought to rejoice in the fact of death—ought to decide, indeed, to earn one’s death by confronting with passion the conundrum of life” (31). These words, as well as Baldwin’s life story, help Ghansah reconsider the meaning of death in the hope of leaving words behind for generations to come.
By Jesmyn Ward