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40 pages 1 hour read

Emma Cline

The Guest

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2023

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Themes

Social Class and Power

At its heart, The Guest is an exploration of social class and power. Alex is a young woman whose only social currency is her youth and beauty. This currency brings her in proximity to power, but she doesn’t have much power of her own. Alex is seen as decoration by the wealthy men she dates. Her primary function is to provide them with sex, an ego boost, and easy, uncomplicated company. They don’t truly care for Alex because, like all decorations, she’s replaceable. Alex is acutely aware of her lack of privilege and power, but her survival requires her to play along with the rules of the elite world she moves in. She has to efface herself, becoming a mirror that reflects back what her boyfriends want to see.

The unnamed setting of the novel is clearly the Hamptons, a peaceful and beautiful refuge from the chaos of New York City—for those who can afford it. Cline uses striking imagery to note the natural beauty of the Hamptons, but she also exposes the ways in which power and social class manipulate and appropriate this natural beauty. Beaches are privately owned and closed off to outsiders. “Violent intervention” is required to keep up the appearance of effortless beauty. The seaside mansions are beautiful on the outside but curiously vacant-looking at night. The people who live in them are similarly vacant. Jack exemplifies this vacuity. Because his father is rich and famous, Jack is treated with a kind of solicitude that makes him feel simultaneously entitled and invisible. Jack doesn’t have an identity of his own because he is wrapped up in the superficiality of the world he is raised in. His fancy car and fancy shoes express power, but Jack feels powerless inside. His outward appearance masks his insecurities and struggles.

The novel also reveals how much labor is required to maintain the illusion of ease and luxury in this rarefied world. Nicholas wants to be an actor, but instead he works as George’s house manager, playing the role of the agreeable servant/friend who “[hangs] around just because […] he [enjoys] their company” (107). Lori’s job is to keep Simon’s life running smoothly while concealing her contempt for him. Karen is a housekeeper and nanny who is unappreciated by Margaret but who plays a more active role in Margaret’s life than her parents do. Although the upper class relies implicitly on such people, they have little power on their own. They may live in close proximity to wealth and privilege, but their employers will never view them as equals.

Illusion and Deception Masquerading as Truth

Alex knows very well how little people actually want to know the truth. In the circles she caters to, superficial connections are more important than true vulnerability. People would rather embrace ignorance than deal with the unpleasant details of real life. She uses this insight to her advantage, crafting a series of fictitious identities tailored to whomever she is trying to exploit. She lies to everyone to make sure they don’t figure out that she’s essentially unhoused, poor, and in a great deal of trouble. She makes sure she looks pretty and put together on the outside while she struggles on the inside.

In lying so much to others, Alex starts lying to herself. She deludes herself into believing certain things in order to keep going. For example, she convinces herself that if she only gives Simon some time, he’ll be happy to see her again and welcome her back into his life. She has no reason to believe this; it’s obvious that Simon sees her as a replaceable object. Still, Alex decides to believe in her fantasy because it’s all she has left—the truth of her predicament is too overwhelming and dire to fully accept. Another example of Alex’s self-delusion is when she meets Jack and chooses to believe his lies about his age and life. Alex purposely misses all the signs of Jack’s youth, inexperience, and mental health conditions because it’s easier to go with the flow and not question Jack’s obvious lies. Jack constructs an image of himself that is easy to poke holes in, but Alex chooses ignorance because she needs Jack. Alex’s capacity for self-deception helps her cope in the moment, though whether it actually helps her get what she wants in the end is less certain.

Even so, Alex’s affection for others isn’t put on. She has a natural capacity for empathy and accurately identifies and caters to others’ deepest needs. She doesn’t want to hurt Jack. But ultimately Alex’s survival instinct is more powerful than her affection for Jack. Lies are useful, whereas nurturing real feelings for others is potentially very dangerous and destructive.

The setting of the novel, the Hamptons, is itself a facade of ease and luxury maintained through the labor of characters like Lori and Nicholas. But there is something vacant and sinister behind the facade. The big houses, immaculate lawns, fancy cars, and priceless pieces of art are status symbols, not expressions of who characters truly are. Everyone in this novel is hiding something. Characters like Lori and Nicholas hide how much they detest working for their bosses. Margaret hides how lonely she is. Alex hides everything about her identity. Jack hides his mental health conditions. And wealthy characters like Simon and George hide their vacuity. They are static characters because their wealth protects them from being demonstrably honest about themselves.

Gender and Power Dynamics

Another dynamic explored in this novel is the relationship between gender and power. As a woman, Alex’s only privilege is her youth and beauty. Because she is young and beautiful, men and women alike enjoy having her around. Alex is acutely aware of this and uses it to her advantage whenever she can. She can get food, money, and a place to stay based solely on her appearance. But the issue with youth and beauty as social currency is that it only goes so far: Once Alex alienates her boyfriends, they dump her, knowing they can easily replace her with another pretty face. Alex will not always be young, and she has no other skills to fall back on for her livelihood. She profits from being a young, attractive woman, but she is also trapped by how society views feminine youth and beauty.

Friendships with other women are noticeably absent from Alex’s life. She has burned bridges with the women she lives with in the city, and her friendship with Dana ended without Alex remembering why. When Alex meets Margaret, she finds yet another person she can ingratiate herself with using her beauty. Alex quickly learns that Margaret has low self-esteem and lacks friends. Like the men who desire Alex, Margaret sees in Alex’s beauty an opportunity lift herself up. Alex feeds into this narrative, but she also quickly distances herself from Margaret. The sadness of a young woman is too much for Alex to bear. While Alex could likely have found shelter with Margaret for the rest of the week, Alex prefers to deal with broken boys like Jack. Alex is much less comfortable forming a transactional connection with a vulnerable woman her age. Rather than sex, it requires a type of emotional labor she is unwilling to perform.

Alex is an asset to men who want to be seen with a beautiful young woman, but she’s also disposable. Her life is defined by this disposability. Cline uses Alex as a protagonist to show how society has turned feminine beauty into a commodity. Alex uses people, but they use Alex too. They want Alex to be quiet, companionable, and sexually available; they don’t want to know about the gritty details of her chaotic life. Alex has no one to confide in, and no one to turn to when her mistakes turn into disaster.

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By Emma Cline