65 pages • 2 hours read
Maya AngelouA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Angelou finds traces of makeup and perfume on Make’s clothing. She challenges him, and he reassures her. When she insists, he uses his identity as “an African” to assert the patriarchal power structure of their relationship. Meanwhile, Guy is getting on well with his new “dad” although Angelou is frustrated at the diminishment of her own authority in her son’s eyes and his increasingly dismissive behavior toward her. She fears he only sees her as a “convenience” rather than a source of parental or moral authority.
In her frustration and loneliness, Angelou is comforted by another actor, Roscoe Lee Browne, who seems to understand and sympathize with her situation. Angelou enjoys flirting with and fantasizing about him, although the relationship never goes any further.
Angelou receives two anonymous telephone calls, the first telling her that Make will not be coming home again, and the second that Guy has had an accident. Make tells her that the calls came from the South African secret police. Angelou is furious and remarks that from this point onward, her defiance of the apartheid regime and political support for her husband have become “personal” (194).
Ethel Ayler is leaving The Blacks, so she and Angelou go to the producer, Sydney Bernstein, to demand payment for the music they composed together. However, Bernstein is dismissive of their creative input and refuses. Ayler decides not to pursue the matter further, but Angelou is furious. For her, this is just another case of “arrogant thieves” taking “the work of black artists” (196). She recounts the situation to Make and Baldwin. Make immediately sends a telegram to the producers, which he signs off giving his full diplomatic and political credentials, stating that his wife will no longer be performing in the play. Angelou is worried that she will have troubles with the union if she leaves the play without notice, but Make retorts that Bernstein will not want “an international incident” (197). Baldwin agrees with Make and, despite Angelou’s continuing trepidation, she hears no more from the producers.
The chapter opens with a sweeping overview of both the literature and activism of the civil rights movement. She cites novels by Baldwin and Killens and fundraising concerts by Harry Belafonte and Miriam Makeba. Back in the personal sphere, Guy is preoccupied with schoolwork, his own political commitments, and his adolescent hormones while Make is constantly traveling for work. Angelou feels increasingly isolated from political and literary circles. She is no longer in the SCLC, nor is she part of the Nation of Islam. Her domestic duties have even led to her withdrawing from the Harlem Writers Guild. When Make returns to New York, he takes Angelou to a formal reception at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel. Surrounded by predominantly male African dignitaries, none of whom speaks to her, Angelou feels isolated and awkward. When she sees her husband dancing with another woman, she begins to overindulge in the drinks that are being handed around.
Realizing that she is drunk, Angelou retreats into the kitchen in search of something to eat. She starts a conversation with the African American cook, who gives her gin to drink and sympathizes with her situation. Make is furious when he finds Angelou and commands her to come home with him, repeatedly asserting his authority over her with the words, “You are my wife” (203-04). Angelou laughs in his face and runs away from him. She spends the night at Rosa Guy’s house. The next morning, Make arrives with flowers and takes her home. The two are reconciled and do not discuss the incident again.
Sheriffs deliver an eviction notice to the Manhattan apartment, and Angelou realizes that her husband has neglected to pay the rent for some time. Make plays down the notice, denying that they are short of money and moving his family into a hotel while they prepare to leave, earlier than scheduled, for Egypt. Angelou is nonetheless mortified since, despite the many moments of financial hardship which she has undergone, this is the first time she has ever been evicted. Guy is also upset by the situation and, in a turnaround which leaves Angelou with “a small but savory knot of satisfaction” (208), he looks to his mother, not to Make, for reassurance and resolution.
While Make travels ahead to Cairo, Angelou travels to visit her mother in San Francisco with Guy. On the way, Angelou looks forward to being inspired by her mother’s strength, resilience, and self-sufficiency. Instead, she finds her mother a sadly diminished figure. She is unhappily married to a heavy drinker and is sad and lonely. She observes that they have reversed roles, with her becoming the strong maternal figure and her mother needing protection. The chapter closes with Angelou and Guy preparing to leave for Cairo. Angelou realizes that a “new life” awaits them and that this prospect excites her, regardless of what the future may hold.
Angelou and her son arrive in Cairo, and their first impression is culture shock and disorientation. They are also thrilled at the chaos of Cairo, which to Angelou seems like a “year-long Mardi Gras” (213). Make shows them around their rented apartment, which is lavishly furnished with antiques, with the exception of the kitchen, which is bare and poorly equipped. Make explains that he hasn’t bought a proper stove yet because they are very expensive and he wanted to wait until Angelou arrived. This leads Angelou to realize that Make has purchased all of the fine furnishings of the apartment. Somewhat shocked, she blurts out, “You mean, we own all that crap?” (215). Make looks hurt, and Guy seems ashamed of his mother’s behavior, so Angelou immediately feels guilty and apologizes.
Guy enrolls at the American College at Mahdi, and Angelou is delighted to see him thriving academically and socially. The two compete as they both study Arabic.
At an Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference in Cairo, Angelou is delighted to be introduced to a fellow African American, the journalist David Du Bois. Angelou remarks on how much she had missed hearing the voice of an “adult American black man” (217). Make and Angelou hold frequent gatherings at their home, during which Du Bois and Angelou often come together to discuss the civil rights movement and to sing African American spirituals.
Make learns from her housekeeper that they are deep in debt once more, and realizes that she will have to seek employment. She arranges to meet Du Bois and asks if he can help her find a job. Du Bois arranges for her to meet with Zein Nagati, President of the Middle East Feature News Agency, who has started a new magazine called The Arab Observer. Angelou is anxious, as she feels underqualified for the job and will have limited access to English-language books. However, as she looks at the covers of books that Make has brought over from America, she finds herself encouraged by the title of Baldwin’s Nobody Knows My Name: “I had been called everything from Marguerite, Ritie, Rita, Maya, Sugar, Bitch, Whore, Madam, girl and wife. Now in Egypt I was going to be called ‘associate editor’” (224).
Make is furious when he finds out that Angelou has taken a job without consulting him. As she listens to Make’s tirade, Angelou comes to the realization that she no longer loves him. The conflict is resolved by the arrival of David Du Bois, who successfully talks Make around by appealing to his pride. Maya’s sense of affinity with David increases, and she describes him as a “brother” (229).
Angelou is accompanied to her first day of work by Make and Du Bois. She initially feels very lost and is largely ignored by all the men in the office, where she is the only woman. However, after Nagati comes to the office and makes further introductions, she receives more support from her colleagues. Her desk is moved into a room containing a library with hundreds of books in English. Although this effectively isolates her even further, she is secretly delighted.
In Chapter 13, a conflict begins to emerge between Angelou’s American feminist identity and African wifehood, at least as it is construed by Make. Make feels that African identity legitimizes a set of highly patriarchal assumptions of which Angelou grows increasingly skeptical. Make’s assumptions about his entitlement as “an African” increasingly clash with Angelou’s vision as “a black American woman” with “a history to respect” (186). Having made the decision to leave America and become an African wife, Angelou’s sense of affinity and community with her fellow Black Americans seems to intensify. This is why, at the ambassador’s party in Chapter 14, she feels that she has more in common with the African American cook than with the room full of African diplomats. Again, in Cairo, she finds herself delighted to meet her fellow African American, David Du Bois. In Chapter 16, Make sets up a dichotomy between Angelou’s American and African identities, highlighting the theme of Pan-Africanism and African American Identity. He argues that Angelou behaved like “an American woman” in taking a job without his permission, but must now remember that she is “an African wife” and give the position up. Under these terms, Angelou resolutely opts to be stay American woman.
Identity in general continues to be of central importance in these chapters, highlighting the themes of African American Motherhood and Finding an Authentic Voice. As Make begins to assume the role of father to Guy, Angelou finds her own role as mother belittled and her authority compromised. Her economic identity is also transformed. When she stops acting and leaves the SCLC, she gives up the economic agency and autonomy that have characterized her life so far. Make’s mismanagement of their finances means that this decision leaves her in a vulnerable position which is unprecedented in her adult life. When, in Chapter 15, she draws inspiration from the title of Baldwin’s book, Nobody Knows My Name, she is recognizing and reacquiring confidence in her own ability to endure and reinvent herself.
By Maya Angelou