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54 pages 1 hour read

Neil Gaiman

The Sandman Omnibus Vol. 1

Fiction | Graphic Novel/Book | YA | Published in 2015

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Literary Devices

Lettering

Lettering, or the visual transposition of the written words, is perhaps one of the most underappreciated aspects of comic book art. The majority of Sandman was lettered by Todd Klein, a comic book letterer who has won more than a dozen Harvey and Eisner awards for his work. Although comic books today are lettered digitally, in Sandman’s run they would have all been written by hand.

In Sandman, each fantastical character is given a distinctive speech mannerism illustrated by the lettering and speech bubbles they use. In general, the human characters speak in normal comic book-style letters and bubbles. Notable exceptions include Gilbert, whose true nature is not revealed until much later, and Death, who speaks with a normal human structure.

The most dramatic example of lettering is in the speech of Dream himself. As the central character and driving force of the story, it is a natural choice for him to have the most distinctive speech pattern. His words are written in reverse colors, white against a black background with uneven edges. Similar to Dream’s speech is Delirium’s, whose words are written in varying sizes and speech bubbles of varying colors, showing the way her words fade in and out. Desire, Despair, and Destruction all have their own unique letters or speech bubbles to illustrate their manner of speech.

Issue 26 and 27, in the “Season of Mists” canon, takes great delight in using this device as it brings together beings and gods from a range of pantheons. Characters like Bast, the demons, and the angels are all given unique speech patterns. This enhances the surrealism of the storyline and gives another facet to the characters. A character’s “voice” is often one of the greatest limitations and challenges in a solely written medium, but here the letterer is able to give the impression of an auditory aspect to the story that sets it above others of its genre

Personification and Anthropomorphism

The Endless, which are at the heart of Sandman, are direct personifications of natural forces of the universe. Though they appear human-like, each one is a fluid aspect of something much greater. By taking these big ideas and giving them human shape and speech, the author is able to explore these ideas in a relatable and accessible way.

One of the most memorable instances of personification happens in Issue 18, “Dream of a Thousand Cats.” This is a one-off short story that follows a female cat on a journey to restore greatness to her species. Here the author gives the animals feelings and traits that are not normally associated with the animal kingdom, such as grief and ambition. Gaiman uses personification here to draw attention to animal cruelty and thoughtlessness and to make the reader more closely consider their own actions.

Other instances of anthropomorphism and personification happen in the dreamworld. Barbie brings her toys to life through the power of her dreaming, each with their own distinct personality; Gilbert, who was once known as Fiddler’s Green, is an entire world that takes on human shape. This unique choice explores the relationship between setting, character, and setting-as-character. In his Fiddler’s Green shape, the land is bursting with life. Through all of these examples, the author encourages the reader to consider the true nature of what it is to be alive, to be aware, and to feel.

Allusion

In Sandman, Neil Gaiman has created a world where everything and anything can co-exist. The author has publicly said that because comic books were so often misunderstood to be a genre rather than a medium, he had an extraordinary freedom to bend genres and include anything he liked. The result is a colorful mosaic of cultures, literary works, and historical anecdotes.

Sandman takes place in the DC Comics universe, which means it exists in a world alongside classic characters like Batman, Superman, and the original Sandman figure. Although the storyline eventually veers away from that world (the Sandman TV adaptation is not considered a part of the DC universe), in early issues several references are made to characters from other DC Comics storylines. Appearances are made by the villains Doctor Destiny and Scarecrow with allusions to the Joker and others. In Issue 2, Batman and the Green Lantern are shown in a panel but not named.

The storyline also incorporates a range of comparative myths including Norse, Egyptian, Celtic, Japanese, Greek, and biblical mythology, fairy tales, Shakespearean work, and various periods of history. Each is full of overt references as well as subtler allusions, creating a broad canon of figures from which to draw. This choice is particularly effective because Dream’s realm and the realms of the other Endless are said to encompass the entire universe regardless of belief system. This mythological and cultural expanse gives the author the ability to link all beliefs together as facets of a larger whole through the common thread of the Endless.

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