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56 pages 1 hour read

Erik Larson

The Splendid and the Vile: A Saga of Churchill, Family, and Defiance During the Blitz

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 2020

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Index of Terms

Barrage Balloon

Another defensive device of the RAF. Also known as a “silver elephantine,” it consisted of a giant bag of lighter-than-air gas attached to a mile-long steel cable anchored to the ground. It was used by the British in World War II to thwart low-flying German aircraft, forcing them to a higher altitude and thus minimizing surprise and accuracy of bombing. Larson describes the 562 barrage balloons aloft over London, attached to mile-long cables (46). 

Bletchley Park

The headquarters of Allied codebreaking in World War II, charged with intercepting secret communications of the Axis powers. It was located in a country estate in Buckinghamshire. Crucially in The Splendid and the Vile, code breakers at Bletchley decipher a German radio transmission that alerts Jones to the German knowledge of navigation beams (70). 

Blitz

A sudden, swift, and overwhelming military attack, usually using tanks and aerial bombardment. The word is a shortening of the German Blitzkrieg, “lightning war,” which denotes a swift, focused attack using maneuverable forces and relying on speed and surprise to overwhelm and produce psychological shock in the enemy. The Nazis relied on this technique for a quick victory over their opponents with minimal loss of soldiers and artillery. “The Blitz” is the popular designation for the Nazi aerial bombardment of Britain during 1940-41 that forms the heart of the book. 

Meaconing

A technique of receiving radio signals and rebroadcasting them on the same frequency to confuse enemy navigation. The British used this technique against the Luftwaffe. 

Navigational Beams

The Luftwaffe—the German air force—developed a technique of detecting and guiding aircraft using radio waves or beams. They based this technique on one often used in commercial aircraft to guide planes at short distances. The Germans refined this technique to work at much longer distances. This technique at first gave the Germans the upper hand over the British, and so the British (with the help of Lindemann and Jones) developed a method of intercepting the beams, known as meaconing. 

Zweifrontenkrieg

A German term meaning “two-front war”: a hypothetical situation in which Germany would be fighting both Britain in the west and Russia in the east. Hitler wanted desperately to avoid this. Thus, he hoped to eliminate England by hitting it hard with aerial bombs and forcing it to surrender. With England fallen, he would then concentrate on conquering Russia and thus winning space for the German Empire to expand (the Nazi concept of lebensraum or living space). 

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