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Graham GreeneA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Martins meets with Kurtz—and instantly dislikes the man’s deliberate, performative facial expressions and “phony” toupee (18). As Calloway recounts, at that point Martins interrupts his own tale, distracted by the sight of a woman from the window. He insists that he’s no longer pursuing relationships but that he’s distracted because the girl resembles Anna Schmidt, Harry Lime’s girlfriend.
Feigning enthusiasm for Martins’s westerns, Kurtz carries a copy of his book The Lone Rider from Santa Fe. Kurtz calls himself a close friend of Lime’s—though he’s careful to insist that Martins was dearest of all to Lime. He describes the accident, saying that Lime crossed the street without looking while waving to an American friend named Cooler. Kurtz insists that Lime told him to see that Martins was “looked after” and had a return ticket. This further contradicts the account of Lime’s neighbor Herr Koch, who said that Lime died instantly. Kurtz assures Martins that everyone in Vienna is engaged in dubiously legal activities, so the police suspecting Lime of criminal activity isn’t alarming. He tries to dissuade Martins from any further investigation to exonerate Lime. Like Calloway, Kurtz urges Martins to leave, adding that Lime insisted that he have funds but that any investigation to avenge his friend’s death would be fruitless.
Kurtz is disconcerted when Martins insists that something is “queer” in Lime’s death, and the other man’s body language gives him away. As he sips his coffee, “the shot apparently went wide; an unaffected hand held the cup to the mouth and Kurtz drank, a little noisily, in long sips” (21). Kurtz gives Martins his own address and that of Cooler, and he wishes Martins luck while repeating his warning.
Martins visits the Josefstadt Theater, waiting for Lime’s girlfriend, Anna Schmidt (an actress), after her matinee performance. He paces the cold building, feeling “a little like a Romeo who wasn’t sure of Juliet’s balcony” (22). In the moments before Anna arrives, he resolves to accept Kurtz’s advice and leave. However, Anna’s arrival distracts him, as he finds her “honest face with dark hair and eyes” captivating (22). He insists that she’s not particularly striking but notes that “there are some people […] whom one recognises instantaneously as friends” (22).
He accepts her offer of tea and tells her that he’s an old friend of Lime’s. Anna insists that they have little to discuss now that Lime is dead. She tells him that she wants “to be dead too” (23). Her narrative piques his curiosity when he learns that Lime’s friend Cooler gave her money, claiming that Lime insisted she have it before he died. This, too, contradicts Herr Koch’s report that he couldn’t have spoken before his death. Martins is further surprised—and curious—when he learns that the doctor on the scene was Lime’s personal physician and that the driver who killed him was not a stranger. Like Kurtz, Anna insists that further inquiry would be fruitless. She gives him her address and that of Lime’s doctor, and as they part she reiterates that no investigation can alter her emotional state.
Calloway reflects that Martins had more success than his professional detectives, not only because of his single-minded focus but also because “he was, as it were, working from inside, while we pecked at the perimeter” (26). Martins visits the home of Lime’s physician, Dr. Winkler, who collects old religious artifacts. Martins is struck by these artifacts and by Winkler’s obsessively tidy appearance. Martins posits that perhaps Lime’s death was not accidental, but Winkler is careful to say little, offering only that he saw two other men there but not naming them. He even hesitates to identify his unusual crucifix: an artifact from a Catholic sect, the Jansenists, who had some sympathy with Calvinist ideas. The artifact depicts Christ with his arms upright, and Winkler explains that “he died in their view, only for the elect” (28).
Calloway recalls that this moment marked the last real security for Martins—and perhaps, by extension, for himself. Martins’s amateur investigation has not led to any crisis, as “the smooth wall of deception had as yet shown no real crack to his roaming fingers” (29). Rather than visiting Cooler, Martins decides to return to Lime’s flat to question his neighbor, Herr Koch, again. Calloway reflects that visiting Cooler would have been safer but that “Rollo, being Rollo, decided to toss a coin and the coin fell for the other action, and the deaths of two men” (29).
Herr Koch reiterates that the man he saw died instantly, though he had no desire to be officially involved in any investigation or report on the matter. He adds, to Martins’s consternation, that a third man—besides the doctor and Kurtz—helped carry the body. Martins decides that this is proof of a conspiracy to hide Lime’s murder and prevent him or Anna from discovering the truth. Koch, considering Martins a possible new tenant, shows Martins the empty flat and tells him that Kurtz removed all Lime’s belongings. When Martins suggests that Lime was murdered, Koch is angry and rushes him away.
At this stage, Martins refuses to believe Calloway without further evidence, telling him that a fictional detective would have more skill. Calloway needles him about his literary “namesake,” the more famous Benjamin Dexter, reminding him of his behavior toward Crabbin (33). Crabbin has left Martins a detailed itinerary for more lectures and a note reminding him of his talk in Vienna the following day. Martins still does nothing to correct the mistaken identity and goes to bed.
These chapters establish Martins as an observer, an amateur detective whose work habits are, as Calloway notes, not bound by ethics or professional codes. Martins’s quest is personal, emotional, and he is bound only by his belief in Lime’s innocence. He is, to some degree, able to note disparities and significant details, such as Kurtz’s discomfiture at any hint of conspiracy and Herr Koch’s insistence that Lime died instantly. These details provide him with enough desire to continue, though he’s alone in his belief that his investigation matters. While Anna shares his love for Lime—and, to an extent, his concern that Lime’s death was not accidental—she refuses to accept that an investigation would make a difference. Martins is captivated by her, while she’s focused on her own heartbreak. Anna’s defeatism is, perhaps, in keeping with her surroundings: In an occupied city, in the ashes of fascist defeat, little hope or comfort exists.
Calloway, writing in hindsight, points out forebodingly that Martins could have averted further tragedy, had he simply visited Cooler instead of Herr Koch. This observation foreshadows future events. Calloway refers to the choice as random chance, comparing it to the flip of a coin. His insistence that free will matters is significant, especially light of Martins’s conversation with Dr. Winkler, in which Winkler’s explanation about Christ’s crucifixion is a reference to the Protestant doctrine that salvation was predetermined, assured by faith alone. Winkler collects artifacts of the Jansenist movement within Catholicism, which emphasized predestination as the key to salvation. This contrasts somewhat with the Catholic doctrine that both faith and good works are necessary to reach Heaven. (Graham Greene converted to Catholicism, and many of his works address morality through this lens.) To Calloway, Martins’s actions are entirely relevant and consequential. Both his small vice—deceiving Crabbin that he’s the more famous Benjamin Dexter—and his greater quest for vengeance for Lime prove significant in their own ways.
By Graham Greene