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C. J. BoxA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of graphic violence, death, child death, and animal death.
The protagonist of Three-Inch Teeth and the series, Joe Pickett, is a game warden in fictional Twelve Sleep County in Wyoming. Joe frequently wears the Game and Fish Department uniform of a red shirt and blue jeans, which he has tweaked “with a pronghorn antelope shoulder patch” on the shirt (59). Joe often wears a battered cowboy hat and boots. He usually travels around the county in his green Ford pick-up truck with his dog, Daisy. Joe is 51 years old in Three-Inch Teeth, the 24th book in the series.
The moral heart of the novel, Joe tries to abide by the rules and is a perfectionist. With a binary view of the world, Joe is quick to hand out tickets for trespasses and violations. However, as the series has progressed, Joe’s tendency to view the world as strictly divided between good and bad has relaxed. Joe now sees that the actions and motivations of humans, including his own, can be more complex. For instance, Joe colluded with law enforcement authorities to send Cates to prison on less-than-watertight charges. He understands that having Cates put away was more important than the means by which he was put away. In Three-Inch Teeth, Joe admits to himself that his handling of Cates has been ambiguous.
Dedicated to his work, family, and friends, Joe has a wholesome, everyman persona. Though he is attuned to the wilderness, Joe sometimes misses the bigger picture. At such times, it is the support of his wife, Marybeth; daughter Sheridan; and friend Nate that enables Joe to figure things out. For instance, Nate reminds Joe that the grizzly attacks are not following the usual pattern of apex predators, while Marybeth encourages Joe to see that the victims of the attacks are connected to the Picketts. Joe is very loyal, as shown in the way he handles Clay Sr. and Nate. Though he plans to cite Clay for brandishing a gun at the Mama Bears, he also tries to prepare his friend for the charges. Joe fiercely defends Clay Sr. to the Mama Bears, and later, he agrees to remove Tisiphone’s tattoo so that his peers are not blamed for killing her.
Joe’s central dilemma in the novel is stopping the bear attacks devastating Wyoming while conserving the environment. Joe also senses that there is more to the attacks than meets the eye. However, unlike Clay Sr. or the hunters who killed the black bear, Joe must respect wildlife even while hunting it. Thus, solving the riddle of the attacks tests Joe’s ability to maintain balance.
Another test that Joe faces is the lure of the past. When Joe learns that his mother is alive and traceable, he realizes that he could try to seek closure with her. However, Joe tells Marybeth that he has moved on from the past and wants to focus on the present and future. This shows Joe’s evolution as a character. Joe’s guardianship of Kestrel also shows that despite his conflicted actions, his moral fiber is strong and uncorroded, making him the hero of the novel.
Cates is one of the point-of-view characters in the novel and is its chief antagonist. He is in his twenties and is muscular and tattooed all over his body. Some of his significant tattoos are the face of his mother, Brenda; a row of boxes representing coffins for his enemies; and a bear’s jaws open in a roar. Cates is a rodeo bull rider who has won many prizes in competitions. Minor characters in the novel frequently recognize Cates, which indicates his popularity when he was a rodeo star. Cates can be regarded as a foil to Joe, as well as his antithesis. Like Joe, Cates is devoted to his family, although his idea of family loyalty means ignoring the gruesome crimes of his family members and avenging their deaths through murder.
Cates describes himself as charming, often congratulating himself on his ability to get people, such as Bobbi Johnson, to do his bidding. He is manipulative and callous, using Johnson for her truck as well as her ability to serve as a decoy. Though Cates pretends that his only motivation for murder is to avenge his family, the ease with which he adds Winner to the list shows that he is a far worse criminal than he believes. He also kills the police officer at the museum and beats up the llama-rearing couple for “occupying” his former house. Cates is constantly plagued by feelings of disenfranchisement and victimhood: He feels like the world has taken away his rights and destroyed his family and must therefore be punished. However, his exaggerated response to the people who bought his foreclosed house suggests that his feeling of victimhood is unjustified.
Cates’s open criminality makes him morally unambiguous. However, the fact that he was sent to jail for crimes he may not have committed—though he has carried out many others—provides some context for his extreme tendencies. Even as Nate has him half dead and tied to a pole, Cates asks Nate and Joe to “quit yapping like a couple of damned schoolgirls” and “get on with it” (311), “it” meaning his murder. Thus, Cates represents nihilism and a loss of moral focus in the book. A static character, Cates does not change over the course of the novel or learn from his mistakes.
Sheridan is the oldest daughter of Joe and Marybeth and a point-of-view character. Sheridan has five years of training in professionally handling falcons, which makes her a master falconer. Though she is an expert at her job, people tend to underestimate her because she is a young woman in her early twenties.
Like her boss Nate, Sheridan has a special affinity for animals, especially birds of prey. Sheridan feels more at ease with animals than with people. Clay Jr. notes that Sheridan is strong-minded and difficult to read. After Clay dies, Sheridan confesses to her parents that she was not planning on accepting his marriage proposal, which makes her feel guilty about his death. Later, when Clay Sr. reassures her that she is still part of their family despite his son’s death, Sheridan notes to herself that she never desired to be part of any other family, as she is “perfectly happy being part of her family” (133). Not only does this confirm her strong-mindedness, but it also shows that, as a woman, Sheridan has to fight against being appropriated by others.
Sheridan fights against sexism by holding her ground. When Leon Bottom is too insistent in offering her a drink, Sheridan firmly tells him to back off, even though she accepts his offer of breakfast so as not to be perceived as antagonistic. Sheridan is also astute since she immediately picks up on Katy Cotton’s familiarity and goes on to deduce that the woman is Joe’s mother. Apart from her intelligence, Sheridan is also courageous and resourceful, rescuing Kestrel at the end of the book. Sheridan is a dynamic character because she learns to accept the horror of death and does what she can to support her family.
A recurring character in the series, Nate is an ex-special ops member who was disbarred from service for refusing to follow the line of command. Though Nate has settled into life as a family man at the beginning of the novel, he remains a character with a disregard for rules and systems. Nate is married to Liv and runs a falcon abatement business called Yarak, Inc. Notably, his and Liv’s daughter, Kestrel, is named after a bird of prey.
Nate has an uncanny relationship with wildlife, especially apex predators. Able to understand the hunting drive of these animals, Nate often feels more comfortable with them than he does with humans. Nate’s affinity for wildlife is reflected in his suggestion to Joe that the Wyoming grizzly attacks cannot be the work of a single bear or even only a bear. Even bears in hyperphagia—the killing frenzy before hibernation—do not travel huge distances for their kill.
The identification of Nate with apex predators is stressed throughout the text, with Nate himself telling Joe, “I know about predators—I’ve studied them all my life. Hell, I’ve been accused of being one” (184). Elsewhere, Joe tells the wardens on the Predator Attack Team that Nate used to be wild but is “legit now” (63). Taken together, the comparison to predators and the idea that Nate has been tamed foreshadow that he will be forced back into his predatory state sooner or later.
The catalyst for the shift in Nate’s character is the vicious murder of Liv. Entering his own version of yarak, Nate goes on a killing spree, murdering Johnson, LOR, and Cates. Significantly, it is Tisiphone the bear who leads Nate to Cates, once again emphasizing Nate’s near-paranormal connection with predators. After Nate learns of Soledad’s role in Liv’s death, he decides to abandon his settled life to hunt down Soledad. He tells Joe that joining civilized life was a mistake. Nate feels that he is meant for the wild, amoral life. The narrative hints that Nate’s chase of Soledad will continue in the next installment of the series.
Marybeth is Joe’s wife and the mother of Sheridan and their two other daughters. She works as the director of the library at Saddlestring, the seat of Twelve Sleep County. Like Joe, Marybeth always strives to do the right thing. Idealistic and firm-minded, Marybeth does not get pressured into taking the expedient decision. For instance, when Judge Hewitt coaxes Marybeth to support the candidature of his son-in-law for sheriff, Marybeth refuses: “[I]t wouldn’t be ethical for me to weigh in on the election one way or the other” (123).
Marybeth is well-connected, with an innate ability to befriend people. Joe notes that his wife is always well informed about the goings-on in town and seems to know everyone. When Marybeth discovers that Winner worked at Rawlins prison, she surprises Joe by revealing that she has a contact even at the prison. Marybeth is also astute and intelligent, the first person to note that many of the bear attack victims are linked to her and Joe. She also encourages Joe to see that there are two patterns to the killings, which he shouldn’t confuse with each other. A positive and round character, Marybeth represents wisdom and generosity since she immediately takes in Kestrel after the death of the toddler’s mother.
An antagonist in the novel and the series, Soledad is an ex-special ops member and a former junior of Nate. Like Nate, Soledad is adept at falconry. His body is covered in tattoos of falcons, and he has “a large, bladelike nose, and piercing dark eyes” (177). Soledad has a muscular upper body and walks with the help of braces, often hiding knives in the tubular legs of the equipment. Cates notes that Soledad moves around very fast, despite needing braces.
Soledad is part of an Antifa-like movement, which, in the book, aims to incite disenfranchised people to riot against the government. Soledad has had prior conflicts with Nate, having beaten up Liv, threatened Kestrel, and stolen Nate’s birds in Shadow Reel (2022). Much as Cate is the antithesis of Joe, Soledad is the foil to Nate. Superficially similar in their love for falcons and rugged individualism, Soledad and Nate are very different in their perceptions of right and wrong.
Soledad is pompous, crafty, and devoid of empathy. He kills the pool attendant in Thermopolis because the man asks him to move, the llama-raising couple because they are inconvenient, a 13-year-old child to create a distraction, and Joe’s mother to steal her car. The pattern of murders shows that Soledad has no regard for human life and possibly derives pleasure in the act of taking lives. He is also an opportunist since he abandons Cates and the rest as soon as Bishop tells him that Joe has realized Cates’s roles in the bear attacks.
Johnson is 28 years old at the start of the narrative and Cates’s girlfriend. Cates and the others often objectify Johnson, commenting on her sexuality. She is described by Cates as a “buckle bunny” (43), a derogatory term for a woman who seeks out cowboys for sexual partners. Johnson reaches out to Cates when he is in prison and strikes up a romance. Cates manipulates her by letting her believe that he will go with her to California once he has conquered his list of enemies.
Johnson is a passive character because while she doesn’t participate in the murders committed by Zeus II, she continues to help out Cates with his plans. For instance, though she sees Cates strike Britney, she does his bidding, acting as a decoy to lure out Liv. Though she did not know for sure that Cates would attack Liv, the narrative suggests that she could at least infer that Cates was extremely dangerous. Johnson meets a tragic fate in the novel, killed by Nate moments after Cates tells her that he will accompany her to California.
LOR—as he is called by Cates—is another antagonist. An ex-cellmate of Cates, LOR is described as having a soft, annoying face that “beg[s] to be punched” (111). His obnoxious social ways often land LOR in trouble, which is why he prefers to live in the abandoned town of Jeffrey City. LOR is a mechanical genius and the brains behind the mechanism of Zeus II. Cates describes LOR’s engineering as “Rube Goldberg style” (12), alluding to the contraptions seen in the work of cartoonist Rube Goldberg.
Though LOR is talented, he uses his gifts for nefarious purposes since most of his designs are meant to inflict pain or injury. He is also disrespectful of women, calling Johnson sexual slurs and blackmailing her to have sex with him when he sees her go through Cates’s phone. Although it is not shown if Johnson has sex with LOR, this is implied because Soledad notices that both Johnson and LOR disappear for a while. By the end of the novel, LOR transforms into an even more despicable character, as he hits a dying Liv with a baseball bat. Though he begs Nate to spare him, LOR is killed by Nate.