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42 pages 1 hour read

Tommie Smith, Derrick Barnes, Dawud Anyabwile

Victory. Stand!: Raising My Fist for Justice

Nonfiction | Graphic Memoir | YA | Published in 2022

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Chapter 4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary: “Still Standing Tall”

After Tommie and John leave the podium, they hear a mix of applause and jeers. They lift their fists again.

The president of the International Olympic Committee suspends them. The athletes don’t run in their other events. Before they leave, both Tommie and John do an interview with a reporter, and Tommie emphasizes that they did it so that the world would see that Black Americans are not treated like equals. At home, American journalists lambast the runners, and Tommie is fired from his job at North American Pontiac before he even lands back in the United States. Even though they receive some support from the president of San Jose State University, pressure from college staff members and alumni force the president to resign soon after.

Tommie works whatever jobs he can to take care of his family. He takes night classes to finish his degree, and he student teaches at his high school. Those at his alma mater don’t realize that he was “back as an educated man, a gold-medal-winning educated man” (185). In the spring of 1969, Tommie graduates from college, and his old roommate, Saint Saffold, is playing football for the Cincinnati Bengals. Saint vouches for Tommie with the coach, and Tommie plays mostly on the practice squad for three years, except for two regular season games.

The United States Olympic Committee makes it impossible for Tommie to compete in the 1972 Olympics in Munich. In 1970, his mother passes away, and his marriage ends. Tommie worries that the hate mail he received contributed to his mother’s heartbreak. Tommie feels alone.

In 1972, Jack Scott, the athletic director of Oberlin College, approaches Tommie. Scott offers him a job as a coach for the basketball and track and field teams. Tommie thinks it’s a fitting school for him, since Oberlin was both a place of sanctuary for enslaved folks escaping from the South and the first college in the United States to accept Black students.

Tommie eventually completes a master’s degree at Cambridge College through a correspondence course. He becomes the assistant athletic director and remarries. However, he is let go from his job in 1978, and his family moves back to California, where he works at Santa Monica College. He is there for 27 years. He has four children with his second wife, though they divorce.

In 1998, he meets a young woman named Delois, who helps him get new rings and plaques from his awards after many are stolen from his apartment. They marry in 2000.

Eventually, various groups start inviting Tommie to give talks and interviews. In 2005, San Jose State University installs a statue of him and John Carlos on their campus, and the two men receive the Arthur Ashe Award for Courage in 2008. They’re also invited to the White House in 2016 by Barack Obama, and in 2019, both Tommie and John are inducted into the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Hall of Fame.

Tommie recounts he and John Carlos are now called heroes who were “brave, courageous,” with an illustration that shows other Black athletes who stood up for Black lives, like Craig Hodges, Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, LeBron James, The St. Louis Rams, Eric Reid, and Colin Kaepernick. Tommie says that if he had to do it again, he’d still raise his fist.

Chapter 4 Analysis

Tommie’s story, in some ways, is a tragedy. He never races after the 1968 Olympics, after being blacklisted from a sport that he loves. However, Chapter 4 illustrates the eventual validation that he and John Carlos received. It does not erase the racism that they experienced at the hands of Olympic officials in 1968, nor does it remove the harm done by those who were so willing to ignore or threaten them. Nonetheless, Tommie ends his memoir with hope. It is the same hope that he wishes to impart when he chooses to raise his arm, and accordingly, present-day Tommie emphasizes that he would choose to take this action again, despite all of the challenges that followed.

The memoir’s conclusion, in terms of The Struggle for Equal Rights and the Treatment of Black Activists, illustrates not only the power of peaceful protest but also its cost, which ties into the fact that change takes time and consistent, profound activism. Many of the same groups that once criticized and excluded him—including the United States’s Olympic and Paralympic Hall of Fame—now praise and welcome Tommie for his actions. This shift, while a positive one, marks the danger of institutional and systematic racism: When the organizations that run things want to sustain a harmful status quo, they can and will use their power to silence and punish any dissenting voices. Tommie is also clear about the threats he received, illustrating how he was truly putting his life at risk by raising his fist in Mexico City. Moreover, he connects the long struggle for freedom that carries on long past his career as a runner, pointing to contemporary examples like Colin Kaepernick’s decision to kneel during the national anthem and the St. Louis Rams’ refusal to play after the murder of Michael Brown. Kaepernick, like Tommie, was heavily criticized for his actions, devastating his career as a professional football player.

The theme of Education as Providing Access to Opportunity is apparent in Tommie’s decision to finish his degree when he returns to the United States and then his later decision to get a master’s degree. He still sees education as critical to strengthening one’s voice, both in general and in activism, and he toils to receive his graduate degree while working full time. Additionally, Tommie is able to blend his love of sports with his love of education, finding a way to build on the training that he received from Bud Winter by training a new generation of athletes. In doing so, his connection to sports and athletic departments also demonstrates how Tommie finds a new way for Using Sports to Persevere, even if it was not what he expected. He eventually finds a home at Santa Monica College, where he is able to stay connected to sports for over two decades, exemplifying how important they are to him.

Ultimately, Tommie’s memoir bends toward hope, but it also blatantly illustrates the cost that activism can have for both Black athletes and Black Americans in general. The examples of other activists and Tommie’s own experience receiving threats show the courage required to raise his fist at the Olympics, yet he is clear in emphasizing that is a decision he’d make again if necessary.

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