34 pages • 1 hour read
Evelyn WaughA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Adam, Agatha Runcible, Miles Malpractice, and Archie Schwert go a few towns over to see Miles’s friend participate in a motor race. When they reach the town where the race is to be held, Agatha’s trousers and Miles’s eyeliner cause a stir in the conservative community. The friends find that all the hotel rooms have been booked in advance, and after several attempts to board, find a dilapidated working-class inn. Finding it uncomfortable, the four of them leave in the early morning without paying their bill. At breakfast, they hear drivers talking about their incredibly dangerous and highly technical profession. The drivers are treated like minor celebrities. They visit Miles’s friend and watch him and his fellow mechanics build his race car practically from scratch. Its number is 13. Miles’s friend gives them all armbands that identify them as members of the pit crew so they can watch the action from close by.
The scene at the race is controlled anarchy. Advertisements and loud noises add to the confusion. The Major desperately tries to get Adam’s attention while being driven around a corner, but he is soon lost in the crowd. Agatha Runcible keeps getting yelled at for smoking near buckets of gasoline. The friends abandon their post in the pit to have a drink, occasionally returning to absent-mindedly cheer the drivers. The race is intense and Miles’s friend is in the lead. In her excitement, Agatha waves a blue flag, not realizing it’s a signal that the driver should pull over at the next lap. The friends quickly escape to the bar to escape culpability for potentially losing the race for Miles’s friend.
Adam connects with the Major at the bar. The Major gives several unconvincing but seemingly guileless reasons for not having found Adam earlier, emphasizing his own inebriation. After a long preamble, the Major finally happily concedes that he has the 35 thousand pounds that Adam won at the races, and says the money is simply waiting for Adam to collect it. Adam is overjoyed and borrows money from Archie to buy a round of champagne for the house. The Major, who says he left his wallet at home, asks Adam for a loan of five pounds. They make plans to meet later that evening.
Returning to the race, the friends discover that Miles’s friend has been injured. Since Agatha is wearing an armband that identifies her as the spare driver, she is ushered into the dangerous vehicle even though she is drunk and appears to be having a nervous breakdown. She speeds off, and the rest of her friends return to the refreshment tent. Later, they hear that Agatha cut through a country lane and then fled the race in the race car, heading south.
That evening, the three remaining companions struggle to find a place to have dinner in the crowded nearby town, eventually settling on sitting on the curb and eating biscuits. Later, Adam makes his appointment with the Major but must stop him from wandering away down the street. The inebriated Major assures Adam that his money is safe in the bank, but passes out before he can write a check.
The companions follow a report that the racecar was found crashed in a nearby village and go to find Agatha. They discover that she has already boarded a train back to London. When they locate her later, she claims not to know her own name, and keeps referring to her adventure with the race car. They admit her to a nursing home.
In this short chapter comprised entirely of dialogue, Adam and Nina have a conversation over the telephone. Adam tells Nina that he thinks the Major is a sham and that they can’t be married because Adam still hasn’t received his money. Nina is unhappy. Later, she rings him up again and tells him she is going to marry Ginger. Adam is furious and says he never wants to see her again.
Adam, still stinging from loss, goes to visit Agatha in the hospital. The Matron warns Adam not to excite the patient. Agatha is sluggish from her hospital stay but tells Adam to fix a drink from the stash she has hidden in one of the cabinets. They gossip, and Agatha is depressed to learn that many party regulars are moving away or getting married. She says she has disorienting dreams about her car crash. Soon Miles arrives with some records and Agatha tells him to pull out the phonograph from under the bed. Soon a whole party of people arrive at the nursing home, including Nina. The nurses are under strict orders not to allow parties but are easily bribed with alcohol and a promise that they will be mentioned in Miles’s next Mr. Chatterbox column.
Adam implores Nina to meet him for dinner and Nina agrees, admitting to the practical reality of Ginger’s money but also to her fondness for Adam. Soon, Agatha shows signs of delusional hallucinations, and the Matron kicks the partygoers out of the nursing home.
At Shepheard’s, where Lottie mentions a man coming by about money, Adam meets Nina for dinner and Nina stays over. They express a longing and an unhappiness neither can articulate. The next morning, Lottie asks Adam to settle his bill for just over seventy-six pounds and has him sit down and fill out the check immediately, though he knows it is for money he does not have.
Ginger comes to Shepheard’s, furious that Nina stayed with Adam the previous night. In his witless, inarticulate way, Ginger demands that Adam stay away from Nina. He admits to being smitten with Nina, to calling her up several times a day and to carrying her picture around with him when he was abroad. He points out that he has money, while Adam is broke. In anger, Adam “sells” Nina to Ginger for the price of his bill at Shepheard’s, terms to which the crass Ginger agrees after some haggling. Adam calls Nina to tell her the arrangement. Affectionately, she calls him a cad.
Lottie remembers that the man who came by about money was the Major, and Adam immediately phones Nina to tell her this latest reversal of his fortunes. However, she informs him that she and Ginger were married that morning.
On Nina and Ginger’s honeymoon, Ginger struggles to remember lines from Shakespeare’s Henry V (“this scepter'd isle”) as he tries to express his feelings about the English landscape as viewed from an airplane (256). Nina sees only signs of ugly modernity and says she thinks she might be sick. In the meantime, Agatha’s delusions increase while she is sedated in her hospital bed. She dies soon after.
Colonel Blount slumbers in his room as his housekeepers prepare Doubting Hall for Nina and Ginger’s Christmas Eve arrival. When Blount awakes, he is in his usual confused state, first remembering and then forgetting that his daughter has been married. He is, however, pleased to remember that Ginger comes from money. When Nina arrives, however, it is with Adam, whom the confused Blount is happy to accept as Ginger. Ginger’s regiment has called him up on account of impending war.
Nina mentions how awkward her honeymoon with Ginger was, and Adam mentions that virtually no one came to Agatha’s funeral. Miles has left the country. The neighboring rector stops by and is scandalized to see Adam pretending to be Ginger. They gather in a common room to see a private screening of Colonel Blount’s film. The film is poorly made and poorly presented, filmed as a talkie but with no sound apparatus. Soon, the electrical circuit fails, and Doubting Hall is thrown into darkness.
The family spends a peaceful Christmas together, exchanging gifts, attending church, and making a routine of visiting neighbors, all of whom accept Adam as if he were Ginger. The only thing most people remember about Ginger is that he was fond of torturing cats. Following Christmas tradition, the landowners visit the servants’ quarters to admire the decorations, hand out gifts, and drink wine. Relaxing later that afternoon, the Colonel and his family all express warm wishes to one another under false pretenses. Blount asks Adam if he can get two thousand dollars to compensate for the losses he has taken on his film venture, but before Adam can respond, the Rector stops by again to declare that a news bulletin has announced that England is at war.
This is the only chapter in the novel to have a title instead of a chapter number. Adam is a soldier in the war. Sitting in a desolate landscape, he reads an update from Nina informing him that she’s going to have a baby of uncertain fatherhood. Ginger is in a London military office with Nina. Doubting Hall is now a wartime hospital, and everyone in London is under orders to sleep in gas masks. In the darkness, a figure approaches, holding a flamethrower. Adam prepares a “Huxdane-Halley bomb,” a fictional chemical weapon that disperses leprosy, but discovers the figure is the Major, who informs Adam he’s now a General. Both men are alone, having lost their fellow soldiers in the fighting. They both acknowledge that the 35 thousand pounds the General owes Adam is not worth very much anymore, and the General writes a check for it. They retreat into the General’s broken-down military vehicle, where they meet a young woman named Chastity (one of Melrose Ape’s singing “angels”). Chastity describes her wartime experience of being passed around as a refugee as akin to attending a series of pre-war social events. Together, the three of them drink champagne and Adam falls asleep. Nearby, the war rages on.
Vile Bodies takes a dark turn in these final chapters, which center on the complete dissolution of Adam and Nina’s marriage plans, the breaking up of their circle of “Bright Young Things,” and, finally, the blending of their hollowed lives into the horror and desolation of a new World War. The war Waugh describes here is a fictional war. At the time Vile Bodies was published in 1930, it would be six years until the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, which brought several nations together to fight the growing threat of fascism, and eight years before Hitler invaded Poland, ushering in a Second World War. Waugh’s imaginary war is fought with exaggerated implements from the First World War, such as chemical throwers and bombs that distribute leprosy. In an ironically positive moment, the Major (now elevated to General) finally pays Adam his money. This victory is made moot by the fact that inflation has made the money worth virtually nothing.
Waugh describes the war as violent and meaningless in itself, but it also blends seamlessly with the violence and meaninglessness of the social events and outings that came before it. Agatha’s accident, delusions, and death form a bridge from the world of London parties to the battlefield of the last chapter. In Waugh’s novel, peace is as bad as war in the ways it dehumanizes the people who live through it.
It is an ongoing theme that Adam goes unrecognized by people critical to his wellbeing, including by people who have met him repeatedly in the past. Colonel Blount cannot even tell him from his own son-in-law during the peaceful repose of a Christmas morning. The Major nearly annihilates Adam with a chemical thrower despite owing him a small fortune. Nina is unsure whether Adam will be her child’s father. Human individuality means very little in this world, where people treat each other as the collective and indistinguishable “vile bodies” of the novel’s title.
By Evelyn Waugh