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58 pages 1 hour read

Leif Enger

Virgil Wander

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2018

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Symbols & Motifs

Storms

Storms set an atmospheric tone for the story and symbolize internal and external tension. Storms highlight the power of nature as well as life’s unpredictability. Whether literal or metaphorical, storms disturb the ordinary course of life, causing trials and upheaval that force change in people’s lives. The story begins with a historic snowstorm in Greenstone, a midwestern town that is no stranger to violent weather. Though Virgil has seen many similar storms before, something about this one disorients him, causing him to lose control of his car and careen into Lake Superior. Powerful storms are humbling and remind humans of their place in the universe, and the blizzard becomes a marker in Virgil’s life as the accident and subsequent brain injury force him to reevaluate his priorities and purpose. Snowstorms continue to punish Virgil as a particularly wet winter dumps so much snow and rain on Greenstone that the Empress roof is in danger of collapse. Living in the Great Lakes region requires resilience and willingness to surrender to the power of its temperamental weather. As the story progresses, squalls, tempests, and gales highlight humanity’s vulnerability and the town’s fortitude to weather anything that comes its way. 

Weather also foreshadows climactic events or coming disasters. The text describes the 1964 blizzard’s ferocity, “This was one of those record weather events that dwarf current experience, a violent, smothering, intensely local storm that dropped eight feet of snow in some places on its narrow and serpentine passage” (46). The storm crippled Greenstone but also ended in tragedy as the oldest Leer son, Richard, died. This portentous event begins a string of bad events connected to Adam, as every time he comes back into town, he brings a storm of conflict and bad luck. For the festival, Greenstone books a band called “Storm Warning,” whose name becomes prophetic as late-season snowstorms disrupt life in the town and emotional storms brew inside Jerry Fandeen. The weather is an integral part of life in Greenstone, influencing its citizens’ daily lives and activities. The harsh winters and the lake’s unpredictable nature create the town’s culture and rhythms, fostering tenacity and adaptation in its residents. The residents are better equipped to handle what nature throws at them each time the storm clouds brew.

Kites

Kites represent connection and disconnection. The kite’s string connects the flier to the kite; like a fishing line, this connection is understood as a living, vital force in itself, symbolizing the tenuous and ever-changing threads that bind people to each other, to the town, and to the natural and spiritual worlds. The kite’s ability to soar freely allows humans to harness the power of the wind and connect to an invisible force in nature. Yet flying a kite is risky and represents the potential for disconnection or loss, as the wind can carry it away. The connection to the kite can even become a source of danger, as when Rune’s kite gets tangled in the power lines, electrocuting him. Kite flying symbolizes aspiration and the human desire to explore the unknown. Rune’s kites are not just artistic endeavors but symbols of hope, freedom, and the connection between the earthly and the divine. Rune’s kites embody possibly, as Virgil explains, “the best kites looked like things unlikely to fly” (146). By making kites in the shape of couches, anvils, and bicycles, items that could never fly, Rune inspires hope in the impossible and the idea that anyone can soar. Kites in Greenstone’s sky reflect the townsfolk’s desire to rise above their circumstances.

Kite-flying becomes an important part of Virgil’s healing process. When he’s flying a kite, his concussion symptoms fade, and though tethered to a string, he feels unhitched from responsibility and in touch with something on the other end of the line. He explains how flying the kite unlocks his mind, “The dog romped hither and yon, the kite string hummed like a prayer in my head, I had access to stories not remembered in years” (74). Kite flying becomes a spiritual practice for him as he doesn’t know what he’s connected to, but he trusts it, which is liberating and peaceful. For Virgil and others like him, flying kites represents possibility and the freedom to wander and reconnect with one’s imagination.

Kites are ephemeral as they depend on the wind and weather conditions to perform. Their flight is temporary, and eventually, they must return to the ground. Thus, Rune will drop everything to capture the right conditions and fly his kite, even in the middle of the night during a blizzard. Life is transitory, change is inevitable, and flying kites offers a chance to disconnect from the world’s worries and embrace a moment of beauty. Virgil says, “I didn’t hold the string so much as climb it, and once flying I felt small and unencumbered, as if the moving sky were home and I’d been misplaced down here” (100). Rune’s kite flying adds a mythological, almost supernatural quality to the story. The kites flying high above the town represent freedom, hope, and the promise of transcendence, bringing a sense of wonder into the citizens’ daily lives. High-flying kites are a metaphor for the magic of storytelling itself, lifting spirits and connecting people across divides.

Movies

Virgil first discovers a love of movies when he meets Rufus, a former theology professor and movie buff. The pair bond over their favorite films and the assertion that cinema isn’t like life, devoid of answers. After his accident, Virgil suffers from memory loss, and he compares his attempts to piece together his life to watching a fragmented film. He wishes he could pause or rewind the film for a clearer understanding. Virgil’s secret cache of old, obscure movies evokes a sense of nostalgia and a longing for a bygone era. They’re a tangible link to the past, offering respite and a reminder of the passage of time and the inevitability of change. The secret vault, a heavy burden, also symbolizes Virgil’s hidden guilt over circumstances he can’t change in the past. Throughout the story, movies and cinematic experiences become a motif through which to explore the complexities of the human experience and the search for meaning in a chaotic, uncertain world.

Much of the story occurs inside the Empress movie theater, a relic from another time. The films shown at the theater provide common ground for the townspeople, sparking conversations and bridging gaps. This shared experience helps to strengthen their communal bonds, illustrating how stories can bring people together and create a sense of solidarity. For many, movies offer an escape from the difficulties of their everyday lives. The darkened theater provides a temporary refuge where they can immerse themselves in different worlds and narratives. This escapism is not just about avoidance but also about finding rest, as engaging with stories is a way to cope with and eventually confront reality. Virgil describes the power of movies, “Frame by frame a hard moment could be endured because the next was always rolling in. The next might sweep you up” (192). Movies embody the inspirational power of art and storytelling, provide an escape from the mundanity of life, and motivate people to pursue their dreams.

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